Cyber Security, Computer Abbreviations, History of Computers - One Line Questions

1. ENIAC, one of the earliest electronic general-purpose computers, was completed in which decade? — 1940s
2. What is 'Spoofing' in the context of cyber security? — Disguising communication from an unknown source as being from a known, trusted source
3. What is a 'DDoS' attack? — A Distributed Denial-of-Service attack where multiple compromised systems attack a target
4. What is a 'Trojan Horse' in cybersecurity? — A program that appears harmless but contains malicious code
5. What is 'Ransomware'? — A malicious software that encrypts data and demands a ransom for its decryption
6. What is 'Pharming' in the context of cyber security? — A fraudulent scheme of redirecting traffic from legitimate websites to fake ones
7. Who is considered the 'father of the computer' for his concept of the programmable Analytical Engine? — Charles Babbage
8. What is a 'Zero-Day Exploit'? — An exploit for which no patch or fix is yet available from the vendor
9. What does 'API' stand for? — Application Programming Interface
10. What does 'BIOS' stand for? — Basic Input/Output System
11. Grace Hopper is famous for her pioneering work in programming and for popularizing the term: — Bug
12. The Analytical Engine's design included features such as an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), control flow, and integrated memory, making it conceptually similar to modern: — Computers
13. What does the abbreviation 'CPU' stand for in computing? — Central Processing Unit
14. Who is often credited with inventing the first computer program, predating modern computers? — Ada Lovelace
15. The concept of the 'stored program' computer, where instructions are stored in memory alongside data, is most closely associated with: — John von Neumann
16. Which computer pioneers are credited with the design of the EDVAC, a successor to ENIAC, which introduced the concept of stored programs? — Alan Turing and John von Neumann
17. Which type of cyber attack involves tricking users into revealing sensitive information by impersonating a trustworthy entity? — Phishing
18. The Jacquard loom, developed in the early 19th century, used punched cards to control patterns, influencing the development of: — Early programming
19. Which cyber security concept refers to the practice of regularly backing up data to prevent loss? — Disaster Recovery
20. Which early computing device used punched cards to store information and perform calculations, influencing later designs? — Jacquard Loom
21. The development of the transistor in 1947 marked the beginning of which generation of computers? — Second Generation
22. The invention of the integrated circuit (IC) led to the development of which generation of computers? — Third Generation
23. The 'Colossus' computer, developed during World War II, was used for what purpose? — Code-breaking
24. Who is considered the first computer programmer for her work on Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine? — Ada Lovelace
25. What does 'GUI' stand for? — Graphical User Interface
26. What does 'HTML' stand for? — HyperText Markup Language
27. What does 'HTTP' stand for? — HyperText Transfer Protocol
28. What does 'ISP' stand for? — Internet Service Provider
29. What does 'LAN' stand for? — Local Area Network
30. What does the acronym 'Malware' stand for? — Malicious Software
31. What does 'OS' stand for? — Operating System
32. What does 'PDF' stand for? — Portable Document Format
33. The Analytical Engine, designed by Charles Babbage, was intended to be a general-purpose mechanical computer capable of executing: — Any sequence of arithmetic or logical operations
34. What does 'RAM' stand for? — Random Access Memory
35. The development of microprocessors led to the creation of which generation of computers, characterized by personal computers? — Fourth Generation
36. Which security measure involves verifying a user's identity using two or more distinct pieces of evidence? — Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
37. The Analytical Engine, designed by Charles Babbage, is considered a precursor to which modern device? — Computer
38. What is 'Spyware'? — Software that monitors user activity without consent and sends information to a third party
39. What does 'SSD' stand for? — Solid State Drive
40. What does 'SQL' stand for? — Structured Query Language
41. The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and parallel processing is characteristic of which generation of computers? — Fifth Generation
42. What is the primary purpose of a 'Password Manager'? — To create strong, unique passwords and store them securely
43. What is the primary function of an Antivirus software? — To detect, prevent, and remove malicious software
44. What is the main purpose of a firewall in cybersecurity? — To block unauthorized access to or from a private network
45. Which of the following is the primary goal of cybersecurity? — To protect digital systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access or damage
46. What is the purpose of 'Encryption' in cybersecurity? — To scramble data so it can only be read with a key
47. What is the main function of a 'Router'? — To connect multiple networks and direct data packets between them
48. What does 'URL' stand for? — Uniform Resource Locator
49. Which of the following is NOT a generation of computers? — Quantum Computing Generation
50. What does 'VPN' stand for? — Virtual Private Network
All One Line Questions
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