TRB PG Assistant - Data Communication Fundamentals - components of data communication systems, simplex-half-duplex-full-duplex modes, analog and digital signals, bandwidth, throughput, latency One Line Questions & Answers

1. Which type of signal is represented by a sequence of discrete values (e.g., 0s and 1s)? — Digital signal

2. Which metric measures the time delay for a data packet to travel from source to destination? — Latency

3. If a file download completes much slower than the advertised internet speed, the bottleneck is likely: — Throughput

4. Which of the following terms describes the variation in latency over time? — Jitter

5. High latency can negatively impact which type of applications? — Real-time applications like online gaming and video conferencing

6. Bandwidth is typically measured in: — Hertz (Hz)

7. What is an example of a device that primarily uses analog signals for communication? — Telephone (traditional landline)

8. Digital signals represent data as discrete values, typically: — Voltage levels

9. What is the characteristic of full-duplex transmission mode? — Data flows in both directions simultaneously.

10. Latency is also commonly referred to as: — Delay

11. Protocols are essential in data communication because they: — Establish rules and conventions for communication.

12. Which type of signal represents data as a continuous wave with varying amplitude and frequency? — Analog signal

13. The 'receiver' in a data communication system is the device that: — Accepts and interprets the data.

14. If a system requires immediate responses and has very little tolerance for delays, it needs: — Low latency

15. Throughput is often less than bandwidth due to factors like: — Network congestion and protocol overhead.

16. Modems are used to convert digital signals to analog signals and vice versa, a process crucial for: — Transmitting digital data over analog lines (like traditional phone lines).

17. The 'capacity' of a communication channel, indicating the maximum rate of data transfer, is best represented by: — Bandwidth

18. The 'width' of the range of frequencies available for a signal is directly related to: — Bandwidth

19. The measure of how much data can theoretically pass through a communication channel per unit of time is: — Bandwidth

20. A user experiences a noticeable delay when clicking a link and the webpage starts to load. This delay is primarily due to: — High latency

21. Which factor has the LEAST direct impact on throughput? — The number of components in the data message

22. Which device is typically used as the 'sender' in a data communication system? — Computer

23. The physical pathway through which data travels from sender to receiver is called the: — Transmission Medium

24. Digital signals are often preferred in modern networking because they: — Can be regenerated easily, reducing signal loss.

25. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental component of data communication? — Processor

26. Which component is responsible for interpreting the received data according to predefined rules? — Receiver

27. What are the essential components of a data communication system? — Sender, Receiver, Message, Transmission Medium, Protocol

28. Which of these is a critical factor that increases latency? — Higher processing delays at routers

29. In which mode of data transmission can data flow in only one direction? — Simplex

30. Which transmission mode allows data to flow in both directions, but only one direction at a time? — Half-duplex

31. A walkie-talkie is an example of which data transmission mode? — Half-duplex

32. When you send a message on a chat application and receive a reply almost instantly, the communication mode is most likely: — Full-duplex

33. Which data communication mode is used for one-way video broadcasting? — Simplex

34. A direct telephone line connecting two specific phones, where only one can speak at a time, exemplifies: — Half-duplex communication

35. The internet connection on your home computer, allowing you to browse the web and download files simultaneously, typically operates in: — Full-duplex mode

36. A system where two devices can talk to each other, but not at the same time (like a CB radio), uses: — Half-duplex mode

37. Consider a radio broadcast system. This is an example of: — Simplex transmission

38. A wider bandwidth generally means: — Higher potential data transfer rate.

39. Which of the following is a characteristic of digital signals? — More robust and less prone to noise.

40. If a network cable is advertised as having a bandwidth of 100 Mbps, it implies: — The maximum theoretical data transfer rate is 100 megabits per second.

41. Which of the following represents the 'transmission medium'? — The physical path over which data travels.

42. What is the 'message' in the context of data communication? — The information to be communicated.

43. In a data communication system, the 'protocol' acts like: — A set of grammar and rules for conversation.

44. The difference between bandwidth and throughput is that bandwidth is the theoretical maximum, while throughput is: — The actual rate of successful data transfer.

45. What does 'throughput' in data communication refer to? — The actual rate at which data is successfully transferred.

46. Which characteristic of analog signals makes them prone to degradation over distance? — Their susceptibility to noise and interference

47. Which statement best describes analog signals? — They are continuous waves that vary in amplitude and frequency.

48. The range of frequencies that a communication channel can carry is known as its: — Bandwidth

49. What is the primary function of a 'protocol' in data communication? — To define the rules for communication.

50. What is the primary role of a protocol in data communication? — To ensure orderly and reliable data exchange between devices.

Data Communication Fundamentals - components of data communication systems, simplex-half-duplex-full-duplex modes, analog and digital signals, bandwidth, throughput, latency - One Line Questions