Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions - One Line Questions

1. A 5 kg ball moving at 10 m/s collides with a 10 kg ball moving at -5 m/s. If the collision is perfectly inelastic, what is the velocity of the combined mass? — -1.67 m/s
2. What is the ratio of kinetic energy after to before collision for a perfectly elastic collision? — 1
3. A particle of mass m moving with velocity v collides with a stationary particle of mass m. If the collision is elastic, what is the velocity of the first particle after collision? — 0
4. A ball of mass 2 kg moving at 5 m/s collides head-on with a stationary ball of mass 3 kg. If the collision is perfectly elastic, what is the velocity of the 3 kg ball after collision? — 4 m/s
5. A particle of mass m moving with velocity 2î m/s collides with a stationary particle of mass 2m. If the collision is perfectly elastic and the first particle recoils with velocity -î m/s, what is the velocity of the second particle? — 1 î m/s
6. A particle of mass 2 kg moving at 4 m/s collides with a stationary particle of mass 4 kg. If the collision is perfectly inelastic, what is the velocity of the system after collision? — 4/3 m/s
7. In a two-dimensional elastic collision, a particle of mass m moving with speed u along the x-axis strikes a stationary particle of mass M. If after collision, the first particle moves at 30 degrees and the second at 60 degrees with the x-axis, what is the ratio of masses m/M? — 3
8. In a one-dimensional inelastic collision, the loss of kinetic energy is given by: — 1/2 * (m1*m2)/(m1+m2) * (v1_initial - v2_initial)^2
9. If a ball of mass 1 kg moving at 10 m/s collides with a stationary ball of mass 3 kg and they move together, what is the kinetic energy of the system after collision? — 12.5 J
10. A car of mass 1000 kg moving at 20 m/s collides with a stationary truck of mass 5000 kg. If they move together after collision, what is their common velocity? — 3.33 m/s
11. If a collision is neither perfectly elastic nor perfectly inelastic, it is called: — A partially elastic collision
12. A body of mass m1 moving with velocity v1 collides with a body of mass m2 moving with velocity v2. If the collision is elastic, the change in kinetic energy of the system is: — Always zero
13. A particle of mass m collides with a stationary particle of mass M. If the collision is elastic and M >> m, what is the velocity of the lighter particle after collision? — Approximately its initial velocity in the opposite direction
14. Consider a one-dimensional elastic collision between a moving object of mass m1 and a stationary object of mass m2. If m1 = m2, what happens to the velocities after collision? — The first object stops, and the second object moves with the initial velocity of the first
15. Which principle is fundamental to analyzing collisions? — Conservation of linear momentum
16. What is the coefficient of restitution (e) for a perfectly elastic collision? — e = 1
17. What is the coefficient of restitution (e) for a perfectly inelastic collision? — e = 0
18. A bullet is fired into a block of wood, and they move together. This is an example of which type of collision? — Perfectly inelastic collision
19. In a one-dimensional perfectly inelastic collision, the kinetic energy is lost primarily in the form of: — Heat and sound
20. If the relative velocity of separation is equal to the relative velocity of approach, the collision is: — Elastic
21. In a two-dimensional inelastic collision, momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is not. What is the relationship between their initial and final kinetic energies? — Initial KE > Final KE
22. Consider a system of two particles undergoing a collision. If no external force acts on the system, the total linear momentum of the system: — Is always conserved, regardless of the type of collision
23. What happens to the kinetic energy in a partially elastic collision? — It is partially lost.
24. If two bodies collide elastically, what is the change in their relative velocity of separation compared to their relative velocity of approach? — It is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction
25. In a one-dimensional elastic collision, if the incident particle is much lighter than the target particle, what is the approximate final velocity of the incident particle? — Its initial velocity reversed
26. If a particle of mass m collides with a stationary particle of mass M, and M is very large compared to m (M >> m), in an elastic collision, the velocity of the lighter particle after collision is approximately: — Its initial velocity in the opposite direction
27. During a collision, which quantity is always conserved in the absence of external forces? — Linear momentum
28. In a two-dimensional collision, if the initial velocities of the particles are along the x-axis, what is conserved along the y-axis in the absence of external forces? — Momentum
29. Which of the following is a characteristic of an inelastic collision? — Total energy is conserved, but kinetic energy is not
30. Which statement is true for any collision between two particles in an isolated system? — Momentum is conserved.
31. Which condition must be met for a collision to be considered elastic? — Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.
32. In a perfectly elastic collision, what is conserved? — Both momentum and kinetic energy
33. A ball of mass m moving with velocity v strikes a wall elastically. What is the change in momentum of the ball? — 2mv
34. In a two-dimensional elastic collision, if the initial momentum is p, what is the magnitude of the total momentum after collision? — p
35. Which type of collision results in the maximum loss of kinetic energy? — Perfectly inelastic collision
36. What does the coefficient of restitution (e) quantify? — The ratio of relative velocity of separation to relative velocity of approach
37. Consider a system of two particles colliding. Which statement is always true if the net external force on the system is zero? — The total linear momentum of the system is conserved.
38. In a perfectly inelastic collision, what is true about the colliding bodies after impact? — They move with the same velocity
39. In a one-dimensional elastic collision, if a heavy object strikes a light object at rest, the light object moves off with approximately: — The same velocity as the heavy object
40. A body moving with velocity u collides inelastically with a stationary body of the same mass. What is the velocity of the system after collision? — u/2
41. In a two-dimensional elastic collision, a particle of mass m moving with velocity u collides with a stationary particle of mass 2m. If the first particle is deflected by 90 degrees, what is the speed of the second particle after collision? — u/3
42. In a one-dimensional elastic collision, a particle of mass m1 moving with velocity u1 collides with a particle of mass m2 moving with velocity u2. If u1 = u2, what is the relative velocity after collision? — u2 - u1
43. A body of mass M moving with velocity V collides with a body of mass m at rest. If the collision is perfectly inelastic, what is the velocity of the combined mass? — V * (M / (M+m))
44. A body of mass m collides with a stationary body of mass 3m. If the collision is elastic and the first body rebounds with velocity v/2, what is the velocity of the second body after collision? — v/6
45. In a one-dimensional inelastic collision, where a ball of mass m moving with velocity v collides with a stationary ball of mass 2m and they move together, what is the final velocity? — v/3
46. In a one-dimensional elastic collision, if the incident particle has mass m1 and the target particle has mass m2, and m1 < m2, and the target is initially at rest, the final velocity of the incident particle v1' is related to its initial velocity v1 by: — v1' = v1 * (m1 - m2) / (m1 + m2)
47. In a two-dimensional elastic collision, if the incident particle is stationary and the target particle moves off with velocity v, what is the velocity of the incident particle after collision? — Cannot be determined without masses
48. In a one-dimensional collision between two identical particles, if the collision is elastic and one particle is initially at rest, what is the velocity of the second particle after collision? — The initial velocity of the first particle
49. In a two-dimensional elastic collision, a particle A hits a stationary particle B. After collision, A moves at an angle θ with respect to its initial direction and B moves at an angle φ. What is the relationship between θ and φ? — θ + φ = 90°
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