Environment and disaster management: conservation biodiversity climate change and disaster response - One Line Questions

1. The term 'acid rain' refers to precipitation with a pH lower than: — 5.6
2. The 'Rio Declaration on Environment and Development' (1992) established principles for sustainable development, including the principle of: — Common but differentiated responsibilities
3. Which of the following is a significant threat to India's coastal ecosystems? — Sea-level rise and coastal erosion
4. Which of the following is a major source of air pollution in urban areas? — Vehicle emissions and industrial activities
5. Which of the following Indian states has the largest forest cover as per the Forest Survey of India reports? — Arunachal Pradesh
6. Which Indian initiative focuses on improving the sex ratio and the health of girl children? — Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao
7. Which of the following is a key component of climate change mitigation? — Reducing greenhouse gas emissions
8. The 'Convention on Biological Diversity' (CBD) has three main objectives. Which of these is NOT one of them? — Regulation of international trade in endangered species
9. Which of the following is a key indicator of climate change? — Melting glaciers and ice sheets
10. The concept of 'biodiversity hotspots' was first proposed by which scientist? — Norman Myers
11. The 'Bilateral Air Services Agreement' (BASA) between India and another country primarily deals with: — Environmental regulations for air travel
12. The 'Ninth Schedule' of the Indian Constitution was added to protect: — Land reforms and prevent judicial review
13. The 'Tragedy of the Commons' theory, relevant to environmental management, was popularized by: — Garrett Hardin
14. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a sustainable ecosystem? — Reliance on external energy inputs
15. Which of the following is NOT a direct consequence of deforestation? — Reduction in atmospheric oxygen levels
16. Which of the following is a major source of methane emissions in India? — Rice cultivation and livestock
17. The 'Bonn Agreement' is related to the prevention of pollution of the sea by oil. It is administered by which international organization? — International Maritime Organization (IMO)
18. Which UNESCO World Heritage site in India is famous for its mangrove forests and is home to the Royal Bengal Tiger? — Sundarbans National Park
19. Which international convention aims to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of substances that deplete it? — Montreal Protocol
20. The 'Green Climate Fund' was established to assist developing countries in adapting to and mitigating climate change. It is an operating entity of which convention? — UNFCCC
21. Which type of natural disaster is characterized by rapid, violent shaking of the ground caused by movements within the Earth's crust? — Earthquake
22. Which gas is considered the most significant anthropogenic greenhouse gas contributing to climate change? — Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
23. Which of the following is a characteristic of a disaster? — Sudden occurrence causing significant loss and disruption
24. Which disaster management plan is the apex body in India responsible for policy formulation, planning, and coordination? — National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
25. Which of the following is an example of an ex-situ conservation method? — Botanical Gardens
26. Which of the following is a primary cause of coral bleaching? — Rising sea temperatures
27. What is the primary threat to the Giant Panda's survival? — Habitat loss and fragmentation
28. The 'National Disaster Response Force' (NDRF) in India is responsible for: — Specialized response to natural and man-made disasters
29. The 'polluter pays principle' is a fundamental concept in environmental law, meaning: — Polluters should bear the costs of preventing or rectifying pollution
30. Which Indian initiative focuses on the conservation of tigers and their habitats? — Project Tiger
31. The 'Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora' (CITES) aims to: — Regulate and monitor international trade in endangered species
32. The 'Basel Convention' is an international treaty that governs the: — Transboundary movement of hazardous wastes and their disposal
33. Which Indian state is most vulnerable to cyclones due to its long coastline? — Odisha
34. The 'Kyoto Protocol' primarily aimed to: — Set legally binding targets for developed countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
35. The 'International Panel on Climate Change' (IPCC) publishes assessment reports that synthesize the current state of knowledge on climate change. These reports are primarily used for: — Guiding policy-making and negotiations
36. The concept of 'Ecological Footprint' measures: — The total area of biologically productive land and water an individual, population, or activity requires
37. The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty for: — The conservation and sustainable use of wetlands
38. Which Indian legislation provides legal protection to wildlife and their habitats? — The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
39. The 'Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017' in India were framed under which Act? — The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
40. The phenomenon where atmospheric CO2 traps heat, leading to a warming of the Earth's surface, is known as: — The greenhouse effect
41. Which international treaty addresses the issue of ozone depletion? — The Montreal Protocol
42. The concept of 'carrying capacity' in ecology refers to: — The maximum number of individuals an environment can support indefinitely
43. The 'Silent Valley Movement' in India was primarily a protest against the proposed construction of a dam that would have impacted: — The Western Ghats rainforest
44. Which Indian legislation provides for the protection, conservation, and management of forests? — The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
45. What is the primary objective of the 'Nagoya Protocol'? — To ensure fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources
46. What is the primary goal of 'Carbon Sequestration'? — To capture and store atmospheric carbon dioxide
47. What is the primary goal of the 'Save the Rhino' initiative? — To conserve rhino populations and prevent poaching
48. What is the primary aim of 'Climate Adaptation' strategies? — To adjust to actual or expected future climate conditions
49. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established by which two UN organizations? — WMO and UNEP
50. The 'Paris Agreement' aims to limit global warming to well below 2, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels. This is a commitment under which UN Framework Convention? — UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)
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