TNTET Paper 1 - Human body organs digestive and respiratory systems One Line Questions & Answers

1. What is the main function of the stomach in digestion? — Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

2. The exchange of oxygen from the alveoli into the blood is driven by: — Diffusion

3. Which enzyme, secreted by the pancreas, digests proteins? — Trypsin

4. The small sac that stores bile produced by the liver is called the: — Gallbladder

5. Which blood vessels surround the alveoli to facilitate gas exchange? — Pulmonary capillaries

6. What substance is produced by the stomach lining to protect it from its own acidic environment? — Mucus

7. The substance that lubricates food and begins carbohydrate digestion in the mouth is: — Saliva

8. The smallest airways in the lungs that lead to the alveoli are called: — Bronchioles

9. Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs are called: — Alveoli

10. The airways that branch from the trachea into the lungs are called: — Bronchi

11. The enzyme pepsin, active in the stomach, is responsible for the initial breakdown of: — Proteins

12. The final section of the large intestine, terminating at the anus, is the: — Rectum

13. The involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract are called: — Peristalsis

14. The primary role of the large intestine in digestion is: — Absorption of water and electrolytes

15. The pharynx is part of which two systems? — Digestive and Respiratory

16. Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood primarily as: — Bicarbonate ions

17. Which part of the small intestine is the longest? — Ileum

18. The lining of the small intestine has finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area for: — Nutrient absorption

19. The windpipe, which carries air from the larynx to the bronchi, is called the: — Trachea

20. The process of taking air into the lungs is called: — Inhalation

21. The process by which diaphragm contracts and the rib cage expands, drawing air into the lungs, is called: — Inspiration

22. What is the main function of the nasal cavity in the respiratory system? — Warming, humidifying, and filtering air

23. Which of the following is the primary organ of gas exchange in the human body? — Lungs

24. The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed is called: — Digestion

25. The process of waste elimination from the digestive tract is called: — Egestion

26. The process of releasing air from the lungs is called: — Exhalation

27. The part of the throat that is common to both the digestive and respiratory systems is the: — Pharynx

28. Which of these is NOT an accessory organ of digestion? — Stomach

29. Which organ is responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine? — Kidneys

30. The chemical digestion of proteins begins in the: — Stomach

31. Which organ produces bile, which aids in fat digestion? — Liver

32. Which enzyme, found in saliva, begins the digestion of starch? — Amylase

33. The muscular sheet located below the lungs that plays a major role in breathing is the: — Diaphragm

34. The rhythmic contractions of the digestive tract that move food along are called: — Peristalsis

35. Which part of the respiratory system is commonly known as the voice box? — Larynx

36. The vocal cords are located within which structure? — Larynx

37. Oxygen binds to which component of red blood cells for transport? — Hemoglobin

38. The main function of the epiglottis is to: — Prevent food from entering the airway

39. The exchange of gases between the blood and the body tissues is called: — Internal respiration

40. Which hormone stimulates the secretion of gastric juices in the stomach? — Gastrin

41. Which part of the digestive system absorbs water and electrolytes and forms feces? — Large intestine

42. Which of the following is the primary organ responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates? — Small intestine

43. Where does most of the absorption of nutrients from digested food occur? — Jejunum and Ileum (Small intestine)

44. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into which part of the digestive system? — Duodenum

45. Where does the digestion of fats primarily occur? — Duodenum

46. The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the: — Duodenum

47. What is the primary function of the bronchioles? — To conduct air to the alveoli

48. What is the primary role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach? — To activate pepsinogen and kill bacteria

49. The muscular tube connecting the pharynx (throat) to the stomach is known as the: — Esophagus

50. The primary function of the respiratory system is: — Exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

Human body organs digestive and respiratory systems - One Line Questions