Judiciary rule of law judicial structure and constitutional safeguards. - One Line Questions

1. The writ of 'Mandamus' is issued by a court to compel a public official to perform: — A public duty they have refused to perform
2. The Supreme Court acts as the guardian of the Constitution and the protector of the rights of the citizens. This role is primarily derived from its: — Original and Appellate Jurisdiction
3. The 'Rule of Law' is a cornerstone of liberal democracies and emphasizes: — Supremacy of the Constitution and law
4. Which article provides for the establishment of the Supreme Court of India? — Article 124
5. Which article provides for the appointment of additional and acting judges in the Supreme Court? — Article 127
6. The 'Rule of Law' is implicitly guaranteed by which article of the Indian Constitution? — Article 14
7. Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the abolition of untouchability? — Article 17
8. The phrase 'equal protection of the laws' is guaranteed under which article of the Indian Constitution? — Article 14
9. Which article of the Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth? — Article 15
10. Which article of the Constitution deals with the power of the President to consult the Supreme Court? — Article 143
11. The Supreme Court's power to enforce its decrees and orders throughout India is provided under which article? — Article 142
12. The concept of 'due process of law' is incorporated in the Indian Constitution through which article, guaranteeing protection to life and personal liberty? — Article 21
13. Which article protects individuals against arrest and detention except according to procedure established by law? — Article 22
14. Which article guarantees the right to freedom of speech and expression? — Article 19
15. Which article of the Constitution guarantees the right to move freely throughout the territory of India? — Article 19(1)(d)
16. Which article ensures that no person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself? — Article 20(3)
17. The High Courts in India are established under which article of the Constitution? — Article 214
18. Which article empowers the Supreme Court to issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights? — Article 32
19. Which article provides for the High Courts to have the power to issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights and other legal rights? — Article 226
20. The writ of 'Prohibition' is issued by a superior court to prevent an inferior court or tribunal from: — Continuing a proceeding without jurisdiction
21. The independence of the judiciary is ensured by provisions such as: — Fixed service conditions for judges
22. The 'Judicial Independence' is crucial for: — Protecting citizens' rights and upholding the Constitution
23. The concept of 'procedural fairness' in legal proceedings is a manifestation of: — Rule of Law
24. The 'Basic Structure Doctrine', which limits Parliament's power to amend the Constitution, was established in which landmark case? — Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
25. Which writ is issued by a superior court to an inferior court or tribunal directing it to transfer proceedings for justice? — Certiorari
26. The judicial structure in India follows a hierarchy. What is the apex court in this structure? — Supreme Court
27. The Supreme Court of India is a court of record, which means it has the power to: — Punish for its own contempt
28. The concept of 'Rule of Law' in India is largely based on the principles established by which legal scholar? — A.V. Dicey
29. Which of the following is a constitutional safeguard for the judiciary in India? — The salaries and allowances of judges cannot be varied to their disadvantage during their term of office.
30. Which landmark judgment established the principle that the Parliament cannot amend Fundamental Rights? — Golaknath Case
31. The principle of 'separation of powers' is a key element in the functioning of the Indian judicial system, dividing powers among: — Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary
32. The establishment of a 'welfare state' as envisaged in the Indian Constitution is closely linked to the role of the judiciary in: — Ensuring implementation of Directive Principles
33. The power of the Supreme Court to advise the President on questions of law or fact of public importance is known as its: — Advisory Jurisdiction
34. The Supreme Court's power to hear appeals from lower courts is part of its: — Appellate Jurisdiction
35. Which part of the Constitution enshrines the Fundamental Rights, which the judiciary helps protect? — Part III
36. Which part of the Constitution outlines the Directive Principles of State Policy, which the judiciary may consider while interpreting laws? — Part IV
37. Which part of the Indian Constitution specifically deals with the Judiciary? — Part V
38. The principle that no person shall be convicted of any offense except for the violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act is known as: — Protection against ex-post facto laws
39. Which constitutional safeguard ensures that no person can be prosecuted and punished for the same offense more than once? — Protection against double jeopardy
40. Which of the following is NOT a Fundamental Right protected by the Indian Constitution? — Right to Property (as a fundamental right)
41. Which of the following is NOT a constitutional safeguard for the judiciary? — Power to appoint legislative members
42. The principle that all courts are bound by the decisions of the Supreme Court is known as: — Stare decisis
43. The writ of 'Certiorari' is issued by a superior court to an inferior court or tribunal to: — Quash an illegal order
44. The concept of 'Judicial Activism' refers to: — The judiciary taking a more proactive role in protecting rights and upholding the Constitution
45. What does the term 'judicial review' mean in the Indian context? — The power of the judiciary to examine the constitutionality of legislative enactments and executive orders
46. The 'Rule of Law' implies that: — All individuals are subject to the law
47. What is the primary role of subordinate courts in the Indian judicial structure? — To try civil and criminal cases at the district and lower levels
48. What is the primary role of the judiciary in a democracy? — To enforce laws and interpret the Constitution
49. What is the tenure of a Supreme Court judge in India? — Until the age of 65 years
50. Which constitutional safeguard protects personal liberty and freedom against arbitrary detention? — Habeas Corpus
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