Metallurgy and Extraction of Metals - One Line Questions

1. The Van Arkel method is used for the purification of which group of metals? — Highly electropositive metals like Zr, Ti, Hf
2. The Bessemer process, though primarily for steel making, involves the removal of impurities from molten pig iron. Which of the following is NOT typically removed in a Bessemer converter? — Phosphorus
3. Which of the following is a reducing agent commonly used in smelting at high temperatures? — All of the above
4. In the blast furnace, iron is extracted from haematite (Fe₂O₃). What acts as the reducing agent in the lower, hotter part of the furnace? — Carbon monoxide (CO)
5. Roasting is typically carried out for which type of ores? — Sulphides
6. The Parkes process is used for the removal of which impurity from lead? — Silver
7. Which of the following metals is typically extracted by electrolysis of its molten chloride? — Magnesium
8. In the Van Arkel method, a metal reacts with iodine to form a volatile metal iodide. This iodide is then heated to decompose it into the pure metal and iodine. Which metal is commonly purified by this method? — Titanium
9. Which of the following ores can be separated by magnetic separation? — Haematite
10. In the froth flotation process, the mineral particles attach to the air bubbles and rise to the surface, while the undesired impurities (gangue) sink. What substance is typically used to make the mineral particles hydrophobic? — Collector
11. What is the basic principle behind the magnetic separation of ores? — Difference in magnetic properties
12. In electrolytic refining of copper, the impure copper is made the anode, and a thin strip of pure copper is made the cathode. What is used as the electrolyte? — Acidified copper sulphate solution
13. Which method is employed for the extraction of tin from stannic oxide (SnO₂)? — Smelting with carbon
14. Which method is commonly used to extract highly reactive metals like Sodium and Potassium? — Electrolysis of molten salts
15. Thermite reaction is an example of: — Displacement method using a more reactive metal
16. The extraction of zinc from zinc blende (ZnS) typically involves roasting followed by: — Smelting with carbon
17. Which method is used for the purification of metals like silicon and germanium, which have very low impurity levels? — Zone refining
18. Which of the following is an example of a pyrometallurgical process? — Smelting in a blast furnace
19. What is the primary ore of Aluminium? — Bauxite
20. Smelting is a process of extraction that typically involves: — Heating with a reducing agent and a flux above the melting point
21. Which of the following is NOT a common method for concentrating ores? — Electrolytic refining
22. What is the 'anode mud' formed during the electrolytic refining of copper? — Valuable metals like gold, silver, and platinum
23. Which of the following metals can be extracted by leaching with a dilute cyanide solution followed by displacement with zinc? — Gold
24. What is the material used for electrodes in the electrolytic cell for Aluminium extraction? — Graphite (carbon)
25. Which metal is extracted using the Parkes process? — Lead
26. Mond's process is used for the purification of which metal? — Nickel
27. Which of the following metals is extracted by electrolysis of its fused salt? — Sodium
28. The slag formed during the smelting of iron from haematite is primarily: — Calcium silicate
29. What is the role of cryolite (Na₃AlF₆) in the electrolytic extraction of Aluminium? — It decreases the melting point of alumina and increases its conductivity
30. In the Parkes process, molten lead is treated with molten zinc. What happens to the impurity being removed? — It forms an alloy with zinc and rises to the surface
31. What is the main purpose of using carbon monoxide as a reducing agent in the blast furnace? — It is a stronger reducing agent than carbon at high temperatures
32. What is the term for the naturally occurring solid material from which a metal can be profitably extracted? — Ore
33. What is the primary use of the thermite reaction in metallurgy? — Welding of broken iron parts, like railway tracks
34. Which term describes the process of removing a metal from its ore in an aqueous solution? — Hydrometallurgy
35. Which of the following terms describes the process of separating a metal from its ore? — Extraction
36. Which of the following is a common flux used in the smelting of iron ore? — Limestone (CaCO₃)
37. Which process involves heating the concentrated ore in the absence or limited supply of air below its melting point? — Calcination
38. What is the term for the process of removing impurities from an impure metal by electrolysis? — Electrolytic refining
39. The extraction of metals from their ores using a reducing agent is known as: — Reduction
40. The process of separating a metal from its ore by dissolving it in a suitable solvent is called: — Leaching
41. What is the term for the process where a metal is purified by converting it into a volatile compound and then decomposing it? — Mond's process
42. Which of the following processes is used to convert a metal oxide into a metal by heating it with a more electropositive metal? — Displacement method
43. The extraction of Aluminium from bauxite is done by the: — Electrolytic reduction of molten alumina (Al₂O₃) dissolved in cryolite
44. The Dow process is used for the extraction of which metal from seawater? — Magnesium
45. In Mond's process, nickel reacts with carbon monoxide to form nickel carbonyl. What is the state of nickel carbonyl at room temperature? — Gas
46. During roasting of sulphide ores, the sulphide is converted into: — Oxide
47. The term 'gangue' refers to: — The undesired rocky material associated with the ore
48. Thermodynamic principles, like Ellingham diagrams, are useful in predicting: — The feasibility of a reduction reaction at a given temperature
49. What is the main purpose of adding a flux during smelting? — To remove impurities by forming a fusible slag
50. What is the primary objective of metallurgy? — To extract metals from their ores and prepare them for use
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