Modern history: European arrival British rule 1857 and social changes. - One Line Questions

1. The British introduced the concept of 'Western medicine' in India, which had a mixed impact, leading to: — Increased life expectancy and reduced mortality rates from certain diseases
2. The Subsidiary Alliance, introduced by Lord Wellesley, was a policy that: — Required Indian states to disband their armies and accept British 'protection' and a resident
3. The Mahalwari system of land revenue settlement was prevalent in which region of India? — North-Western Provinces, Agra, and Punjab
4. Which social reform movement in the 19th century aimed to eradicate the practice of Sati? — Brahmo Samaj
5. Who was the first European explorer to reach India by sea, rounding the Cape of Good Hope? — Vasco da Gama
6. The Doctrine of Lapse, implemented by Lord Dalhousie, led to the annexation of several Indian states by: — Denying the right of rulers to adopt heirs
7. The introduction of the postal system and standardized currency by the British aimed to: — Streamline administration and trade for British benefit
8. The introduction of the telegraph in India by the British facilitated: — Efficient administration and military command-and-control
9. The Indian Councils Act of 1861 marked a step towards: — Granting limited advisory roles to Indians in the legislative process
10. The Permanent Settlement of Bengal, introduced by Lord Cornwallis, aimed to: — Stabilize land revenue and create a loyal class of landowners
11. The introduction of the railways and telegraph in India during British rule was primarily aimed at: — Facilitating British military control and economic exploitation
12. The British East India Company's rule was characterized by the exploitation of India's: — Agricultural resources and manpower
13. The economic impact of British rule on India is often described as 'colonial exploitation' due to: — Transformation of India into a supplier of raw materials and a market for British manufactured goods
14. The Battle of Buxar in 1764 was significant because: — It established the British East India Company's military supremacy over the Mughal Emperor and the Nawab of Awadh
15. The establishment of the East India Company was granted by a charter from which English monarch? — Queen Elizabeth I
16. The introduction of the Ryotwari system of land revenue settlement meant that: — Land revenue was collected directly from the cultivators (Ryots)
17. Who was the Governor-General during the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857? — Lord Canning
18. The Widow Remarriage Act of 1856 was a significant social reform championed by: — Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
19. Rani Lakshmibai, a prominent leader of the 1857 revolt, fought bravely against the British in which region? — Jhansi
20. The term 'Drain of Wealth' theory, explaining the economic exploitation of India by Britain, was popularized by: — Dadabhai Naoroji
21. The establishment of universities in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras in 1857 was primarily to: — Train Indians for administrative jobs under the British
22. The Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was enacted to: — Control and suppress the Indian vernacular press
23. The British policy of 'Divide and Rule' was evident in their approach towards: — Exploiting existing social and religious divisions among Indians
24. The social reform movement led by Kandukuri Veeresalingam Pantulu focused on: — Advocating for widow remarriage and women's education
25. The introduction of English as the medium of instruction in higher education by Lord Macaulay had the effect of: — Creating a class of Indians who were 'Indian in blood and colour, but English in taste, opinions, in morals, and in intellect'
26. Who founded the Arya Samaj, which advocated for a return to the Vedas and social reforms? — Swami Dayanand Saraswati
27. Who was the leader of the revolt in Delhi in 1857? — Bahadur Shah Zafar
28. Who led the rebellion in Bihar during the 1857 uprising? — Kunwar Singh
29. The Revolt of 1857 was also known as the Sepoy Mutiny, the First War of Indian Independence, and the: — Great Rebellion
30. The Battle of Plassey in 1757 was a decisive victory for the British East India Company against which Nawab? — Siraj-ud-Daulah
31. Which European power initially established a strong trading presence in India before being eclipsed by the British? — Portugal
32. Who is considered the pioneer of modern Western education in India and a key figure in the Brahmo Samaj? — Raja Ram Mohan Roy
33. Who among the following was a prominent leader of the 1857 revolt in Kanpur and adopted the title of Peshwa? — Nana Sahib
34. The abolition of the East India Company and the direct rule of India by the British Crown occurred after which event? — The Sepoy Mutiny of 1857
35. The Treaty of Seringapatam in 1792 marked a significant defeat for: — Tipu Sultan
36. The Santhal Rebellion (1855-56) was a major tribal uprising against: — The exploitation by moneylenders and the British administration
37. The Indigo Revolt of 1859-60 was a protest by farmers against: — The forced cultivation of indigo by European planters
38. The Battle of Wandiwash in 1760 was a decisive victory for the British over which European rival? — The French
39. Which European trading company was the most dominant in India by the mid-18th century? — The British East India Company
40. The Government of India Act of 1858 transferred the powers of the British East India Company to: — The Secretary of State for India
41. The Ilbert Bill controversy in 1883 highlighted: — Racial discrimination within the British administration and judiciary
42. Which event is widely considered the immediate cause of the Indian Mutiny of 1857? — The greased cartridges for the new Enfield rifles
43. Which British policy led to the de-industrialization of India, particularly in the textile sector? — The promotion of free trade policies favouring British goods
44. The Zamindari system, a land revenue system introduced by the British, primarily benefited: — The landlords (Zamindars)
45. The 'Minute on Indian Education' by Thomas Babington Macaulay advocated for: — The establishment of English as the medium of instruction
46. Jyotirao Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj to advocate for: — The education of women and the upliftment of lower castes
47. The establishment of the Indian National Congress in 1885 was a direct consequence of: — The growing awareness and desire for political representation among educated Indians
48. What was the primary objective of the Regulating Act of 1773? — To establish a Supreme Court in Bengal and regulate the Company's administration
49. The Faraizi Movement, primarily in Bengal, was a socio-religious movement that also had strong anti-landlord and anti-British sentiments. — True
50. The British policy of 'Christianising the natives' was perceived as a threat by many Indians and contributed to the unrest before 1857. — True
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