Nature of universe and general scientific laws. - One Line Questions

1. What is the approximate age of the universe according to current cosmological models? — 13.8 billion years
2. What is the SI unit of electrical resistance? — Ohm
3. What is the SI unit of magnetic field strength? — Tesla
4. What is the SI unit of electric charge? — Coulomb
5. What is the term for the point in an orbit where a celestial body is closest to the body it orbits? — Perihelion
6. What does the Doppler effect explain regarding light from distant stars moving away from us? — Redshift
7. What is the SI unit of temperature? — Kelvin
8. The force that keeps an object moving in a circular path is called: — Centripetal force
9. What is the process called when a liquid changes into a gas? — Evaporation
10. The phenomenon of light splitting into its constituent colors when passed through a prism is called: — Dispersion
11. What is the primary characteristic of a black hole? — Extremely high density and gravity
12. The process by which a solid directly changes into a gas without passing through the liquid state is called: — Sublimation
13. Which law of thermodynamics relates to the concept of entropy and states that in any natural process, the total entropy of an isolated system tends to increase? — Second Law
14. The Big Bang theory describes the: — Origin and evolution of the universe
15. Which of the following is a fundamental interaction in nature? — Gravity
16. Which fundamental force is responsible for holding the nucleus of an atom together? — Strong Nuclear Force
17. The cosmological principle suggests that on large scales, the universe is: — Homogeneous and isotropic
18. The law of conservation of momentum states that in the absence of an external force, the total momentum of a system: — Remains constant
19. What is the force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact? — Friction
20. The phenomenon where light waves spread out as they pass through a narrow opening is called: — Diffraction
21. According to Newton's first law of motion, an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue in motion with constant velocity, unless acted upon by a(n): — Unbalanced force
22. The theory of relativity, which describes gravity as a curvature of spacetime, was developed by: — Albert Einstein
23. What is the SI unit of force? — Newton
24. What is the SI unit of power? — Watt
25. The concept of wave-particle duality suggests that: — Particles can exhibit wave-like properties, and waves can exhibit particle-like properties
26. What is the SI unit of luminous intensity? — Candela
27. The concept of quantum mechanics primarily deals with the behavior of matter and energy at what level? — Atomic and subatomic
28. What is the term for the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion? — Inertia
29. What is the SI unit of pressure? — Pascal
30. Which scientific law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction? — Newton's Third Law
31. Which scientific law states that the gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers? — Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
32. Which scientific principle explains why an object floats or sinks in a fluid? — Archimedes' Principle
33. Which fundamental law of physics deals with the relationship between heat, work, and internal energy? — Laws of Thermodynamics
34. The apparent slowing down of time for an observer moving at a high speed relative to another observer is a consequence of: — Special relativity
35. What is the primary source of energy for the Sun and other stars? — Nuclear Fusion
36. Which of the following is a fundamental particle according to the Standard Model of particle physics? — Electron
37. The expansion of the universe is supported by the observation of: — Redshift of distant galaxies
38. The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another is called: — Refraction
39. The phenomenon where light bounces off a surface is known as: — Reflection
40. What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy? — Photosynthesis
41. What is the SI unit of frequency? — Hertz
42. Which of the following is an example of electromagnetic radiation? — X-rays
43. The concept of spacetime curvature, where mass and energy warp the fabric of spacetime, is central to: — General Relativity
44. Which fundamental force is responsible for radioactive decay? — Weak Nuclear Force
45. According to Ohm's Law, the current through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it, provided that: — Temperature remains constant
46. The expansion of space itself, as described by general relativity, is responsible for: — The redshift of distant galaxies
47. What is the unit of electric current? — Ampere
48. What is the SI unit of energy? — Joule
49. The principle of superposition in wave mechanics states that: — When two or more waves overlap, the resulting displacement is the algebraic sum of the individual displacements
50. Which law of thermodynamics states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant? — First Law
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