Organisational Behaviour — Significance and theories. - One Line Questions

1. The 'Systems Theory' views an organization as: — An interconnected set of interrelated parts working towards common goals.
2. The significance of Organisational Behaviour is that it provides managers with: — Tools and insights to understand and manage people.
3. Frederick Taylor is most famously associated with which management theory? — Scientific Management
4. McGregor's Theory Y suggests that managers should assume employees: — Can be self-directed and creative if properly motivated.
5. According to McGregor's Theory X, managers assume employees: — Dislike work, avoid responsibility, and need to be coerced.
6. Which theory emphasizes the importance of aligning organizational structure, leadership style, and reward systems with the specific environment and technology of the organization? — Contingency Theory
7. The idea that organizations should adapt their structures and practices to match their specific circumstances (e.g., industry, technology, environment) is central to: — Contingency Theory
8. When a manager tries to understand why an employee is underperforming by looking at factors like job design, workload, and team support, they are applying principles of: — Organisational Behaviour
9. The Hawthorne Studies, a landmark in OB research, primarily contributed to the development of which theoretical perspective? — Human Relations Movement
10. Frederick Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory distinguishes between factors that cause job satisfaction and those that cause dissatisfaction. Which of the following are considered 'Motivators' (causing satisfaction)? — Achievement
11. Which theory focuses on the unique characteristics and strengths of different national cultures and their impact on management practices (e.g., Hofstede's dimensions)? — Cross-Cultural Management Theory
12. Understanding OB helps managers to: — Motivate employees effectively and manage conflict.
13. In the context of Systems Theory, 'outputs' of an organization are: — Products, services, and waste.
14. Scientific Management primarily focuses on: — Optimizing individual tasks and efficiency through scientific study.
15. Henri Fayol's contribution to management theory is best described as: — Developing principles of administrative management applicable to the entire organization.
16. The concept of 'span of control' is most directly related to which management theorist's work? — Henri Fayol
17. The focus on 'division of labor' and 'specialization' is a core tenet of which early management theory? — Scientific Management
18. The significance of OB is amplified in today's globalized business environment due to: — Diverse workforces and cross-cultural interactions.
19. Understanding 'organizational culture' is primarily related to which level of OB analysis? — Organizational System
20. Which of the following is NOT considered a core element of Organisational Behaviour? — Macroeconomic Policy
21. Which level of analysis in OB focuses on how individuals interact within teams and departments? — Group level
22. The study of how organizations structure themselves, manage their internal operations, and interact with their external environment falls under which level of OB analysis? — Organizational system level
23. Understanding employee motivation, perception, and personality is crucial at which level of OB analysis? — Individual level
24. Understanding 'organizational politics' is most relevant at which level of OB analysis? — Organizational System Level
25. Which of the following is a key component of the 'Organizational System Level' of OB analysis? — Organizational culture
26. The study of how organizational structures, communication patterns, and power dynamics influence behavior is part of: — Organisational Behaviour
27. Max Weber's theory of bureaucracy emphasizes: — A clear hierarchy of authority, formal rules, and impersonal relationships.
28. In Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, 'Hygiene Factors' are related to: — Work environment and conditions that prevent dissatisfaction.
29. A manager who believes in empowering their team, fostering collaboration, and encouraging creativity is likely operating under assumptions aligned with: — McGregor's Theory Y
30. The 'Contingency Theory' is often summarized by the phrase: — It depends.
31. The significance of studying OB lies in improving: — Both organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.
32. The significance of Organisational Behaviour lies in its ability to: — Provide insights into human behavior in the workplace.
33. According to Systems Theory, 'inputs' to an organization include: — Raw materials, capital, and labor.
34. Which of the following is a 'Hygiene Factor' according to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory? — Job Security
35. The 'Behavioral Approach' to management, which emerged from the Human Relations Movement, emphasizes: — The importance of employee needs and motivations.
36. Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory posits that individuals are motivated by a progression of needs. Which is the highest level in his hierarchy? — Self-Actualization Needs
37. Which early management theory focused on the functions of management (planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, controlling)? — Administrative Management (Fayol)
38. Which theory emphasizes the importance of informal groups and social relationships within the workplace? — Human Relations Theory
39. Which theory emphasizes the importance of understanding the 'whole' organization rather than just its parts? — Systems Theory
40. Which of these is a core assumption of 'Theory Z' (developed by William Ouchi), which builds upon Theory X and Y? — Lifetime employment and strong company loyalty.
41. Which theory suggests that there is no single best way to manage an organization, and the best approach depends on the situation? — Contingency Theory
42. Which theory suggests that organizational success depends on the fit between the organization and its environment? — Contingency Theory
43. The theory that views management as a process of making decisions in uncertain and complex situations, where the best course of action depends on situational variables, is: — Contingency Theory
44. Which theory suggests that an organization's effectiveness is determined by the degree of fit between its structure, its environment, and its technology? — Contingency Theory
45. Elton Mayo's research at the Hawthorne Works is most famous for highlighting: — The importance of social and psychological factors in the workplace.
46. The concept of 'feedback' in Systems Theory refers to: — Information about the output that is fed back into the system.
47. Which of the following best defines Organisational Behaviour (OB)? — The study of how individuals and groups act within organizations and how their behavior affects organizational performance.
48. Douglas McGregor proposed two contrasting theories of management based on assumptions about human nature. These are: — Theory X and Theory Y
49. What is a primary goal of studying Organisational Behaviour? — To improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.
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