Parasitology and Immunology - One Line Questions

1. Acquired immunity that is transferred from mother to fetus across the placenta is an example of: — Passive natural immunity
2. The complement system is part of which immune defense mechanism? — Innate immunity
3. The process by which antibodies coat a pathogen, making it easier for phagocytes to engulf, is called: — Opsonization
4. Which component of the innate immune system acts as a physical barrier against pathogens? — Skin and mucous membranes
5. Cytokines are signaling molecules that regulate immune responses. Which of the following is a type of cytokine? — Interferon
6. Which parasite is responsible for schistosomiasis? — Schistosoma species
7. Which of the following is a sexually transmitted parasite? — Trichomonas vaginalis
8. Which immune cells are primarily responsible for recognizing and destroying virus-infected cells and tumor cells? — Natural killer (NK) cells
9. Which of the following is a helminthic parasite? — Ascaris lumbricoides
10. Which type of immunity is mediated by antibodies circulating in the blood and lymph? — Humoral immunity
11. Which term describes the ability of a parasite to cause disease? — Pathogenicity
12. Which disease is caused by the tapeworm Taenia solium? — Cysticercosis
13. A host that harbors a parasite but does not allow it to sexually reproduce is called a(n): — Intermediate host
14. A host that harbors a parasite but does not contribute to the parasite's transmission to a new host is called a(n): — Paratenic host
15. A host that harbors a parasite and can transmit it to other hosts, but may not be the primary host for reproduction, is called a(n): — Reservoir host
16. A host that is infected with a parasite but does not show any signs of illness is called a(n): — Asymptomatic host
17. The study of parasites and their hosts is known as: — Parasitology
18. A parasite that lives on the external surface of its host is called a(n): — Ectoparasite
19. The primary role of antibodies in immunology is to: — Mark pathogens for destruction by other immune cells
20. Which parasite causes giardiasis, a common cause of diarrheal illness? — Giardia lamblia
21. The process by which phagocytes engulf and internalize pathogens is called: — Phagocytosis
22. Which parasite causes amoebic dysentery? — Entamoeba histolytica
23. What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells? — Kill infected host cells
24. Which type of immunity is mediated by T lymphocytes? — Cell-mediated immunity
25. Which class of antibodies is typically the first to be produced during a primary immune response? — IgM
26. Which antibody class is primarily found in mucosal secretions like saliva and breast milk? — IgA
27. The ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self is known as: — Immunological tolerance
28. The phenomenon where an infection in one individual provides protection against subsequent infections by the same pathogen is called: — Immunological memory
29. Which type of immunity is acquired through exposure to a pathogen or vaccination? — Active immunity
30. The ability of the immune system to mount a stronger and faster response upon re-exposure to an antigen is due to: — Immunological memory
31. A host that harbors the adult, sexually reproducing stage of a parasite is called the: — Definitive host
32. The role of T helper cells (CD4+ T cells) is to: — Activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells
33. Which of the following is an example of an endoparasite? — Tapeworm
34. Which immune cells are responsible for releasing histamine and mediating allergic reactions? — Mast cells and Basophils
35. A parasite that requires at least two different hosts to complete its life cycle is termed: — Heteroxenous
36. Which of the following is a common vector for Lyme disease? — Tick
37. Which of the following is a common vector for the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, causing Chagas disease? — Kissing bug
38. The process by which antigen-presenting cells display fragments of pathogens to T cells is called: — Antigen presentation
39. The phenomenon where a vaccine induces immunity without causing disease is an example of: — Active artificial immunity
40. The process by which immune cells recognize and bind to foreign substances (antigens) is called: — Antigen recognition
41. Which type of cells are long-lived and responsible for immunological memory, allowing for a faster response upon re-exposure to an antigen? — Memory T cells and Memory B cells
42. The immune response that occurs upon subsequent exposure to the same antigen, which is faster and stronger than the primary response, is called the: — Secondary immune response
43. The adaptive immune system is characterized by: — Specificity and memory
44. The immune response that occurs after initial exposure to an antigen is known as the: — Primary immune response
45. The innate immune system relies on which of the following for its rapid response? — Pre-existing defense mechanisms
46. Which immune cells are responsible for producing antibodies? — B cells (Plasma cells)
47. Which of the following is an example of a protozoan parasite? — Toxoplasma gondii
48. Which of the following is a common vector for malaria? — Mosquito
49. Which parasite causes trichinosis, often acquired from undercooked pork? — Trichinella spiralis
50. Which disease is caused by the parasite Plasmodium, transmitted by mosquitoes? — Malaria
All One Line Questions
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