Planck's hypothesis, black body radiation and photoelectric effect - One Line Questions

1. A metal surface has a work function of 2.5 eV. If photons of energy 4.0 eV strike the surface, what is the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electrons? — 1.5 eV
2. The energy of a photon with a frequency of 6.0 x 10¹⁴ Hz is approximately: — 3.97 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
3. What is the energy of a photon of blue light with a wavelength of 450 nm? — 4.41 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
4. What is the approximate value of Planck's constant (h)? — 6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J·s
5. If a metal has a work function of 3.0 eV, what is the minimum frequency of light required to initiate the photoelectric effect? — 7.25 x 10¹⁴ Hz
6. The photoelectric effect provides evidence for the particle nature of light, where light behaves as: — Discrete photons
7. At low frequencies, Planck's theory of black body radiation: — Agreed with classical physics predictions
8. The energy of a photon is directly proportional to its: — Frequency
9. The discovery of the photoelectric effect by Hertz in 1887 was initially observed as: — A decrease in current across a spark gap when illuminated by UV light.
10. How did Planck's quantum hypothesis resolve the ultraviolet catastrophe? — By assuming energy is quantized
11. What is the relationship between wavelength (λ) and frequency (ν) for electromagnetic radiation? — c = λν
12. According to Planck's hypothesis, the energy levels of an oscillator are: — Discrete and equally spaced
13. The phenomenon that demonstrated the quantum nature of electromagnetic radiation was: — Photoelectric effect
14. The concept of energy quantization was a radical departure from classical physics because classical physics assumed energy to be: — Continuous
15. If the frequency of incident photons is doubled, and is above the work function, the maximum kinetic energy of emitted photoelectrons will: — Increase, but not necessarily double
16. What is the mathematical relationship between the energy (E) of a quantum of light and its frequency (ν) proposed by Planck? — E = hν
17. According to Einstein's explanation of the photoelectric effect, light consists of discrete energy packets called: — Photons
18. The photoelectric effect demonstrates that light energy is delivered in discrete packets, which are: — Photons
19. If the frequency of incident light is below the threshold frequency for a particular metal, what happens to the photoelectric effect? — No electrons are emitted.
20. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of Planck's hypothesis? — Prediction of wave-particle duality of matter
21. The kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons is independent of the: — Intensity of incident light
22. The number of photoelectrons emitted per second is directly proportional to the: — Intensity of incident light
23. The work function of a metal is dependent on the: — Type of metal
24. Classical electromagnetism predicts that a heated object should emit radiation of: — Infinite intensity at high frequencies
25. If the wavelength of incident light is decreased, while keeping the intensity constant, what happens to the kinetic energy of emitted photoelectrons (assuming frequency is above threshold)? — It increases
26. The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material when: — Light shines on it
27. Which of the following statements about black body radiation is INCORRECT? — Classical physics successfully explained the observed spectrum.
28. The classical physics explanation for black body radiation led to a prediction known as the 'ultraviolet catastrophe'. What was this catastrophe? — It predicted that intensity would increase indefinitely with frequency.
29. Planck's constant (h) has units of: — Joules-second (J·s)
30. What is the minimum energy required to eject an electron from a metal surface called? — Work function
31. Einstein's photoelectric equation is given by: KE_max = hν - Φ. What does Φ represent? — Work function
32. The relationship E = hν implies that higher frequency light carries: — More energy per photon
33. In the context of black body radiation, as temperature increases, the peak of the emitted spectrum shifts towards: — Higher frequencies (shorter wavelengths)
34. Which of the following quantities is quantized according to Planck's hypothesis? — Energy
35. Which scientist is most famously associated with the explanation of the photoelectric effect using quantum theory? — Albert Einstein
36. If the intensity of light shining on a metal surface is increased, but the frequency remains below the threshold frequency, what is the effect on electron emission? — No electrons are emitted.
37. The photoelectric effect is a direct experimental confirmation of: — The particle nature of light
38. Black body radiation refers to the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a theoretical object that: — Absorbs all incident radiation
39. What is the threshold frequency? — The minimum frequency of light required to cause electron emission.
40. When a photon strikes a metal surface, its entire energy is transferred to: — A single electron
41. What phenomenon did Max Planck's hypothesis primarily aim to explain? — The emission of light from heated objects
42. The 'ultraviolet catastrophe' refers to the failure of classical physics to explain: — The distribution of energy in black body radiation
43. In the photoelectric effect, the energy of the incident photon is used to overcome the work function and provide: — The kinetic energy of the electron
44. What does the constant 'h' represent in Planck's equation E = hν? — Planck's constant
45. Planck's quantum hypothesis was initially proposed to solve the problem of: — Black body radiation
46. The spectral distribution of black body radiation at a given temperature is: — A continuous curve with a peak at a specific wavelength
47. The photoelectric effect could NOT be explained by the wave theory of light because: — Wave intensity is related to amplitude, not energy per photon.
48. The concept that light can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties is known as: — Wave-particle duality
49. According to Planck's hypothesis, energy is emitted or absorbed in discrete packets called: — Quanta
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