NEET UG - Plant anatomy - internal structure of dicot and monocot stems roots and leaves Online Test (MCQ Quiz)

1. Which tissue is primarily responsible for the conduction of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves in plants?

A) Phloem B) Xylem C) Cambium D) Epidermis

2. In a dicot stem, vascular bundles are arranged in:

A) A scattered manner B) A ring C) Concentric circles D) Two or more rings

3. What is the outermost layer of cells in a plant root called?

A) Cortex B) Endodermis C) Epidermis D) Pericycle

4. The presence of a Casparian strip is characteristic of which plant tissue?

A) Epidermis of stem B) Endodermis of root C) Cortex of leaf D) Phloem of stem

5. In a monocot stem, vascular bundles are typically:

A) Open, with cambium present B) Closed, without cambium C) Arranged in a ring D) Few and widely separated

6. Which layer in the dicot root is responsible for forming lateral roots?

A) Endodermis B) Cortex C) Pericycle D) Pith

7. The primary function of the stomata in a leaf is:

A) Water absorption B) Structural support C) Gas exchange D) Nutrient transport

8. In dicot leaves, the vascular bundles are embedded within:

A) Epidermis B) Mesophyll C) Cortex D) Pith

9. The tissue responsible for secondary growth (increase in girth) in dicot stems and roots is:

A) Parenchyma B) Collenchyma C) Sclerenchyma D) Vascular cambium

10. What are the two types of tissues that make up the vascular bundle in plants?

A) Epidermis and Cortex B) Xylem and Phloem C) Pith and Medullary Rays D) Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma

11. Which plant part typically shows a well-developed pith?

A) Dicot root B) Monocot root C) Dicot stem D) Monocot stem

12. The cells forming the endodermis in a root are characterized by the presence of:

A) Lignified secondary walls B) Suberized cell walls with Casparian strips C) Thin, primary cell walls only D) Intercellular spaces

13. In a monocot leaf, the vascular bundles are:

A) Arranged in a reticulate pattern B) Arranged in a parallel venation pattern C) Scattered throughout the mesophyll D) Absent

14. The primary function of the cortex in plant stems and roots is:

A) Conduction of water B) Storage of food C) Protection of vascular tissues D) Formation of lateral roots

15. What is the term for the specialized epidermal cells that surround and control the opening and closing of stomata?

A) Parenchyma cells B) Guard cells C) Subsidiary cells D) Sclereids

16. In dicot stems, the vascular bundles are separated by:

A) Pith rays B) Medullary rays C) Interfascicular cambium D) Endodermis

17. The tissue layer that lies immediately inside the endodermis in a root is the:

A) Cortex B) Pith C) Pericycle D) Vascular cambium

18. Which type of cells primarily make up the mesophyll of a dicot leaf?

A) Epidermal cells B) Guard cells C) Parenchyma cells D) Collenchyma cells

19. The presence of sclerenchyma as hypodermis is a characteristic feature of:

A) Dicot stem B) Monocot stem C) Dicot root D) Monocot root

20. In a typical dicot root, the xylem is:

A) Endarch (protoxylem towards periphery) B) Exarch (protoxylem towards center) C) Centrarch (protoxylem in the center) D) Polyarch (many xylem bundles)

21. What is the function of the pith in a monocot stem?

A) Photosynthesis B) Water conduction C) Storage of food reserves D) Gas exchange

22. The vascular bundles in a monocot root are typically:

A) Few in number and arranged in a ring B) Numerous and scattered C) Two to four in number D) In a single ring with pith

23. Which tissue provides mechanical support to growing stems and petioles in dicots?

A) Xylem B) Phloem C) Collenchyma D) Sclerenchyma

24. The epidermal tissue system in plants is derived from:

A) Ground meristem B) Protoderm C) Procambium D) Plerome

25. In dicot leaves, the spongy mesophyll is located:

A) Towards the upper epidermis B) Towards the lower epidermis C) Between the palisade mesophyll and the upper epidermis D) Surrounding the vascular bundles

26. The bundle sheath cells in monocot leaves are responsible for:

A) Gas exchange B) Photosynthesis in some cases C) Conduction of water and minerals D) Protection of vascular tissues

27. Which of the following is absent in monocot stems?

A) Vascular bundles B) Ground tissue C) Cortex D) Secondary growth

28. The protoxylem points towards the periphery in the vascular bundles of a:

A) Dicot root B) Monocot root C) Dicot stem D) Monocot stem

29. The primary function of root hairs is to:

A) Anchor the plant B) Absorb water and minerals C) Store food D) Conduct water to the stem

30. The tissue between the xylem and phloem in a dicot stem, which can form vascular cambium, is called:

A) Medullary ray B) Pith C) Interfascicular cambium D) Hypodermis

31. What is the characteristic venation pattern of dicot leaves?

A) Parallel venation B) Reticulate venation C) Divergent venation D) Convergent venation

32. The outermost layer of cells in a young dicot stem is the:

A) Cortex B) Endodermis C) Epidermis D) Pericycle

33. In a monocot root, the number of xylem bundles typically ranges from:

A) 2-4 B) 4-6 C) More than 6 D) Only 1

34. The primary function of the phloem tissue is:

A) Conduction of water and minerals B) Conduction of organic solutes (sugars) C) Mechanical support D) Storage of starch

35. The palisade mesophyll cells in dicot leaves are typically arranged:

A) Loosely with large intercellular spaces B) Tightly packed, elongated, and parallel to each other C) In a single layer beneath the upper epidermis D) Near the vascular bundles

36. Which layer of the stem epidermis in some plants contains a waxy layer called the cuticle?

A) Endodermis B) Epidermis C) Pericycle D) Cortex

37. The presence of a distinct cortex and endodermis is characteristic of:

A) Dicot stems B) Monocot stems C) Dicot roots D) Monocot leaves

38. In a monocot stem, the vascular bundles are:

A) Conjoint, collateral, and open B) Conjoint, collateral, and closed C) Radial D) Concentric

39. The tissue that forms the central core of a dicot stem is called the:

A) Cortex B) Endodermis C) Pith D) Epidermis

40. Root pressure is generated by the active movement of ions into the stele, which causes water to follow by osmosis. This process is primarily influenced by the:

A) Epidermis B) Cortex C) Endodermis D) Pericycle

41. The stomatal apparatus consists of:

A) Epidermal cells and subsidiary cells B) Guard cells and stomatal pore C) Parenchyma cells and vascular bundles D) Collenchyma cells and sclerenchyma

42. In dicot stems, secondary growth is facilitated by the activity of:

A) Apical meristems B) Intercalary meristems C) Vascular cambium and cork cambium D) Protoderm

43. Which tissue provides a continuous layer of protection on the outer surface of young stems and leaves?

A) Cortex B) Pith C) Epidermis D) Vascular tissue

44. The radial arrangement of xylem and phloem bundles is characteristic of:

A) Dicot stems B) Monocot stems C) Dicot roots D) Monocot leaves

45. The hypodermis in a dicot stem is typically composed of:

A) Parenchyma cells B) Collenchyma cells C) Sclerenchyma cells D) Epidermal cells

46. The cells of the pith in a monocot stem are usually:

A) Thick-walled and sclerenchymatous B) Thin-walled and parenchymatous C) Lignified and xylem-like D) Suberized and impermeable

47. In dicot leaves, the vascular bundles (veins) are surrounded by:

A) Palisade mesophyll B) Spongy mesophyll C) Bundle sheath cells D) Epidermal cells

48. The function of the cuticle on the epidermis of leaves and stems is to:

A) Facilitate gas exchange B) Absorb sunlight C) Reduce water loss D) Provide mechanical strength

49. Which of the following is a characteristic of the epidermis in monocot stems?

A) Presence of collenchyma hypodermis B) Scattered vascular bundles C) Presence of stomata on both surfaces D) Absence of cuticle

50. The vascular cambium in dicot stems is typically located between:

A) Epidermis and cortex B) Cortex and pith C) Xylem and phloem D) Phloem and pericycle

Plant anatomy - internal structure of dicot and monocot stems roots and leaves - Online Test

Test Results