Bernoulli’s principle and applications - Question Bank

1. In a horizontal pipe, if the velocity of an ideal fluid doubles, the dynamic pressure increases by a factor of:
A) 2
B) 4
C) √2
D) 1/2
2. The principle behind the working of an atomizer is that when air is blown rapidly over the top of a vertical tube dipped in a liquid, the pressure above the liquid surface decreases, causing the liquid to rise. This is an application of:
A) Archimedes' principle
B) Pascal's law
C) Bernoulli's principle
D) Surface tension
3. If the density of the fluid (ρ) is zero, Bernoulli's equation simplifies to:
A) P = constant
B) v = constant
C) h = constant
D) P + v + h = constant
4. When an object moves through a fluid, it experiences a drag force. Bernoulli's principle helps explain the pressure distribution around the object, contributing to this force. Specifically, the pressure on the front of the object is generally:
A) Lower than the pressure on the rear.
B) Higher than the pressure on the rear.
C) Equal to the pressure on the rear.
D) Zero.
5. A device that measures the speed of wind or a flowing fluid by measuring the difference between static and stagnation pressure is called a:
A) Venturi meter
B) Manometer
C) Pitot tube
D) Barometer
6. The equation P + (1/2)ρv^2 + ρgh = constant holds true for:
A) Any fluid flow
B) Viscous and turbulent flow
C) Incompressible, non-viscous, steady, and irrotational flow
D) Compressible and rotational flow
7. The term 'steady flow' in Bernoulli's principle implies that the fluid velocity at any point:
A) Changes with time.
B) Remains constant with time.
C) Is zero.
D) Is turbulent.
8. In a horizontal pipe, for a fluid flow, if the velocity is constant, then the pressure:
A) Increases with height.
B) Decreases with height.
C) Remains constant.
D) Is zero.
9. Why does a shower curtain tend to move inward when the shower is on?
A) The high-speed water spray creates a low-pressure area inside the curtain.
B) The high-speed water spray creates a high-pressure area inside the curtain.
C) The hot water causes condensation, pulling the curtain in.
D) The soap in the water reduces surface tension.
10. The pressure difference between two points in a fluid flow is related to the change in velocity and height. This is the essence of:
A) Pascal's Law
B) Archimedes' Principle
C) Bernoulli's Principle
D) Torricelli's Law
11. If the velocity of a fluid is zero, the dynamic pressure term in Bernoulli's equation is:
A) Maximum
B) Zero
C) Equal to static pressure
D) Equal to hydrostatic pressure
12. Which of the following is an application of Bernoulli's principle related to air flow?
A) Flow of water in a pipe
B) Pressure cooker operation
C) Chimney draft
D) Hydraulic press
13. A stream of water falling from a tap narrows as it falls. This is because:
A) Surface tension pulls it inwards.
B) Gravity accelerates the water, increasing its speed and decreasing its pressure.
C) Viscosity causes it to contract.
D) The water cools down and contracts.
14. What is the unit of the quantity (1/2)ρv^2 in Bernoulli's equation?
A) Pascal (Pa)
B) Newton (N)
C) Joule (J)
D) Watt (W)
15. The Magnus effect, observed in spinning projectiles or balls, is a direct consequence of:
A) Torricelli's theorem
B) Bernoulli's principle
C) Pascal's law
D) Buoyancy
16. Consider a fluid flowing in a wide pipe, and then entering a narrow pipe. According to Bernoulli's principle, the pressure in the narrow pipe will be:
A) Higher than in the wide pipe
B) Lower than in the wide pipe
C) The same as in the wide pipe
D) Dependent on the fluid's temperature
17. In a Venturi meter, the constriction leads to a decrease in pressure because:
A) The fluid density increases.
B) The fluid velocity increases.
C) The fluid viscosity increases.
D) The fluid temperature increases.
18. A siphon tube works on the principle that:
A) Pressure increases with depth.
B) Fluid pressure is constant at all points.
C) Faster moving fluid exerts lower pressure.
D) Higher density fluid sinks below lower density fluid.
19. Which of the following is a correct statement regarding Bernoulli's principle?
A) Pressure is directly proportional to velocity.
B) Velocity is directly proportional to the square root of pressure.
C) Sum of static pressure, dynamic pressure, and hydrostatic pressure is constant.
D) Sum of static pressure, dynamic pressure, and potential energy per unit volume is constant.
20. A boat moving on water experiences a reduced pressure in the water just beneath it when the water is also moving. This is an example of:
A) Surface tension
B) Viscosity
C) Bernoulli's principle
D) Capillary action
21. The effectiveness of a roof design in resisting wind pressure is influenced by:
A) Pascal's law
B) Bernoulli's principle
C) Archimedes' principle
D) Centripetal force
22. If a fluid is flowing through a pipe and its velocity decreases, what happens to its pressure (assuming horizontal flow)?
A) It decreases.
B) It increases.
C) It remains constant.
D) It becomes zero.
23. In the context of Bernoulli's equation, the term 'dynamic pressure' refers to:
A) P
B) (1/2)ρv^2
C) ρgh
D) P + ρgh
24. A Bunsen burner uses the principle of entrainment, where a fast-moving stream of gas draws in surrounding air. This phenomenon is explained by:
A) Archimedes' principle
B) Pascal's law
C) Bernoulli's principle
D) Surface tension
25. When water flows through a pipe that suddenly narrows, the pressure at the narrow section is:
A) Higher than in the wider section
B) Lower than in the wider section
C) Equal to the pressure in the wider section
D) Zero
26. Which of the following conditions must be met for Bernoulli's principle to apply accurately?
A) The fluid is viscous and the flow is turbulent.
B) The fluid is compressible and the flow is rotational.
C) The fluid is incompressible and the flow is steady and irrotational.
D) The fluid is non-viscous but can be compressible.
27. The lift generated by an airplane wing is proportional to the square of the:
A) Density of air
B) Area of the wing
C) Velocity of the airflow
D) All of the above
28. In a horizontal pipe, if the radius decreases from R1 to R2 (where R2 < R1), the velocity of the fluid changes from v1 to v2 and the pressure changes from P1 to P2. According to Bernoulli's principle:
A) v2 > v1 and P2 > P1
B) v2 > v1 and P2 < P1
C) v2 < v1 and P2 > P1
D) v2 < v1 and P2 < P1
29. The total energy per unit volume of a fluid in motion, as described by Bernoulli's equation, is the sum of:
A) Static pressure and kinetic energy per unit volume
B) Static pressure and potential energy per unit volume
C) Kinetic energy per unit volume and potential energy per unit volume
D) Static pressure, kinetic energy per unit volume, and potential energy per unit volume
30. For a fluid flowing vertically upwards in a pipe, where the cross-sectional area decreases, which of the following statements is true according to Bernoulli's principle?
A) Pressure increases and velocity increases.
B) Pressure decreases and velocity increases.
C) Pressure increases and velocity decreases.
D) Pressure decreases and velocity decreases.
31. A hole is drilled in the side of a tank. The speed of efflux of the liquid from the hole is given by Torricelli's theorem, which is derived from:
A) Pascal's Law
B) Bernoulli's Principle
C) Archimedes' Principle
D) Newton's Law of Cooling
32. The flow of blood in arteries is an example where Bernoulli's principle plays a role, especially when the artery constricts. In such a constriction, the blood pressure tends to:
A) Increase significantly
B) Decrease significantly
C) Remain unchanged
D) Become turbulent
33. Which term in Bernoulli's equation represents the pressure due to the height of the fluid column?
A) P
B) (1/2)ρv^2
C) ρgh
D) P + (1/2)ρv^2 + ρgh
34. A chimney works effectively because the wind blowing over the top creates a region of:
A) High pressure and low velocity
B) Low pressure and high velocity
C) Constant pressure and velocity
D) Zero pressure and velocity
35. Consider a fluid flowing through a pipe. If the pipe narrows, the fluid velocity will:
A) Decrease
B) Increase
C) Remain the same
D) Become zero
36. The Pitot tube is used to measure the speed of a fluid by utilizing the difference between:
A) Static pressure and dynamic pressure
B) Static pressure and hydrostatic pressure
C) Dynamic pressure and kinetic energy
D) Potential energy and static pressure
37. Which of the following is NOT an application of Bernoulli's principle?
A) Lift of an airplane wing
B) Working of a carburetor
C) Flow of water from a dam
D) Operation of a Pitot tube
38. What happens to the pressure of a fluid as its speed increases, according to Bernoulli's principle?
A) It increases proportionally.
B) It decreases proportionally.
C) It increases with the square of the speed.
D) It decreases with the square of the speed.
39. The sprayers or atomizers work on the principle of:
A) Surface tension
B) Capillarity
C) Bernoulli's principle
D) Viscosity
40. In a horizontal pipe of varying cross-section, the fluid pressure is lowest where the fluid velocity is:
A) Lowest
B) Highest
C) Zero
D) Constant
41. A 'Venturi meter' is a device used to measure the speed of a fluid. It works based on:
A) Pascal's law
B) Archimedes' principle
C) Bernoulli's principle
D) Hooke's law
42. When a person stands near a fast-moving train, they are often pulled towards the train. This is explained by:
A) Electrostatic attraction
B) Gravitational pull
C) Bernoulli's principle
D) Surface tension
43. The phenomenon of a spinning ball curving in flight (Magnus effect) is a consequence of:
A) Newton's third law
B) Bernoulli's principle
C) Archimedes' principle
D) Pascal's law
44. An airplane wing is designed such that the air flowing over the top surface moves faster than the air flowing under the bottom surface. This difference in velocity leads to:
A) A downward force
B) An upward lift force
C) No net force
D) A backward drag force
45. According to Bernoulli's principle, for a horizontal flow of an ideal fluid, if the velocity of the fluid increases, its pressure will:
A) Increase
B) Decrease
C) Remain constant
D) Become zero
46. The term 'ρgh' in Bernoulli's equation signifies:
A) Kinetic energy per unit volume
B) Static pressure
C) Potential energy per unit volume (hydrostatic pressure)
D) Total energy per unit volume
47. In Bernoulli's equation, P + (1/2)ρv^2 + ρgh = constant, the term '(1/2)ρv^2' represents:
A) Static pressure
B) Hydrostatic pressure
C) Potential energy per unit volume
D) Kinetic energy per unit volume (dynamic pressure)
48. Bernoulli's equation relates pressure, velocity, and height for a fluid in motion. What does the term 'P' represent in the equation P + (1/2)ρv^2 + ρgh = constant?
A) Kinetic energy per unit volume
B) Potential energy per unit volume
C) Pressure energy per unit volume (dynamic pressure)
D) Static pressure
49. Which of the following assumptions is crucial for Bernoulli's principle to be strictly applicable?
A) The fluid flow must be turbulent.
B) The fluid must be compressible.
C) The fluid flow must be rotational.
D) The fluid flow must be steady and irrotational.
50. Bernoulli's principle is a direct application of which fundamental law of physics?
A) Law of Conservation of Mass
B) Law of Conservation of Energy
C) Law of Conservation of Momentum
D) Law of Universal Gravitation
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