Environment and ecology: ecology and biodiversity - Question Bank
1. What is the main function of decomposers in an ecosystem?
2. The process of species becoming extinct due to human activities is known as:
3. What is the term for a species that is likely to become endangered in the near future?
4. Which type of ecosystem is characterized by a mixture of fresh and saltwater?
5. What is the primary goal of establishing Biosphere Reserves?
6. Which of the following is an example of an ex-situ conservation method?
7. What is 'ex-situ conservation'?
8. Conservation efforts that protect species in their natural habitats are known as:
9. Which of the following is an example of an in-situ conservation strategy?
10. What is an 'endemic' species?
11. The IUCN Red List categorizes species based on their:
12. What does the acronym IUCN stand for?
13. Which convention aims to promote the conservation of biodiversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources?
14. What is the term for the variety of genes within a species?
15. The introduction of a non-native species into an ecosystem can lead to:
16. Which of the following is a major threat to biodiversity?
17. What is the process by which water moves through the environment and changes states?
18. Which gas is essential for photosynthesis and is a key component of the carbon cycle?
19. What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems on Earth?
20. The process by which nitrogen is converted into forms usable by plants is called:
21. What are the cyclic movements of chemical elements between the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem called?
22. Secondary succession occurs in an area that:
23. Primary succession begins in an area that:
24. What is the term for the gradual process of change in species composition and community structure over time?
25. A complex network of interconnected food chains in an ecosystem is known as a:
26. What are the pathways of energy transfer between organisms in an ecosystem called?
27. In a typical ecosystem, what percentage of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next?
28. What is the process by which energy flows through an ecosystem?
29. Which aquatic biome is characterized by saltwater and is the largest habitat on Earth?
30. What is the largest and most complex biological community called?
31. Which biome is characterized by low temperatures, little precipitation, and a short growing season?
32. Which of the following is an example of a terrestrial biome?
33. What is the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism called?
34. The specific role of an organism within its ecosystem, including its interactions with biotic and abiotic factors, is called its:
35. Which type of species plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure of an ecological community?
36. What is the term for a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance?
37. A relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed is called:
38. Which group of organisms breaks down dead organic matter?
39. Organisms that obtain energy by feeding on other organisms are known as:
40. Organisms that produce their own food, usually through photosynthesis, are called:
41. What are the living components of an ecosystem called?
42. Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?
43. What are the non-living components of an ecosystem called?
44. Which level of biodiversity encompasses the variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes within a region?
45. A collection of interacting populations of different species in a given area is known as:
46. Which type of biodiversity refers to the variety of different species within a habitat or region?
47. What is a group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area called?
48. Which level of biodiversity refers to the total genetic information contained within a species?
49. The term 'Ecosystem' was coined by whom?
50. Which of the following describes the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems?