Everyday chemistry: acids bases salts fuels fertilizers and plastics. - Question Bank

1. Which of the following is a characteristic of an acid?
A) Bitter taste
B) Slippery feel
C) Turns red litmus paper blue
D) Accepts protons (H+ ions)
2. What is the main ingredient in 'washing soda' (Sodium Carbonate)?
A) Sodium bicarbonate
B) Sodium hydroxide
C) Sodium chloride
D) Sodium carbonate decahydrate
3. Which of the following is a characteristic of a base?
A) Sour taste
B) Corrosive
C) Turns blue litmus red
D) Reacts with carbonates to produce CO2
4. What is the process of converting large molecules into smaller ones by breaking chemical bonds, often used in refining petroleum?
A) Polymerization
B) Cracking
C) Fermentation
D) Oxidation
5. Which type of plastic is commonly used for making disposable cups and containers?
A) Polypropylene
B) Polyethylene
C) Polystyrene
D) Polyvinyl Chloride
6. Which element is commonly found in all fertilizers to promote plant growth?
A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Nitrogen
7. What is the primary advantage of using CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) as a fuel?
A) It is cheaper than petrol.
B) It causes less pollution than petrol or diesel.
C) It has a higher energy density than petrol.
D) It is readily available everywhere.
8. Which of the following is a major component of petroleum?
A) Methane
B) Ethane
C) Hydrocarbons
D) Ammonia
9. When baking soda is heated, it produces carbon dioxide, which makes cakes and bread fluffy. This is an example of a decomposition reaction. What else is produced?
A) Water and sodium oxide
B) Sodium oxide and carbon dioxide
C) Water and sodium carbonate
D) Carbon monoxide and water
10. What is the chemical name for baking soda?
A) Sodium carbonate
B) Sodium bicarbonate
C) Sodium hydroxide
D) Sodium chloride
11. Which acid is responsible for the sour taste of curd or yogurt?
A) Citric acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Lactic acid
D) Formic acid
12. What color change indicates the presence of starch when iodine solution is added?
A) Blue-black
B) Red
C) Yellow
D) Green
13. Which substance is used to test for the presence of starch?
A) Litmus solution
B) Turmeric solution
C) Iodine solution
D) Phenolphthalein
14. What does the 'PET' in PET bottles stand for?
A) Polyethylene Terephthalate
B) Polyethylene Tetraoxide
C) Polyethylene Tartrate
D) Polyethylene Tetramer
15. Which of the following is a common example of a plastic?
A) Glass
B) Rubber
C) Polyester
D) Wood
16. What is the main component of 'Potash' fertilizer?
A) Nitrogen
B) Phosphorus
C) Potassium
D) Sulfur
17. Which of the following is a synthetic fertilizer that provides nitrogen?
A) Potash
B) Rock phosphate
C) Urea
D) Compost
18. What is the primary use of natural gas as a fuel?
A) Generating electricity and heating homes
B) Manufacturing plastics
C) Producing fertilizers
D) Lubricating machinery
19. Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel?
A) Coal
B) Crude oil
C) Natural gas
D) Biogas
20. Which of these is a characteristic property of a base?
A) Sour taste
B) Turns red litmus blue
C) Reacts with metals to produce hydrogen
D) Dissolves in water to form acidic solutions
21. The reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid produces:
A) Sodium hydroxide and water
B) Sodium chloride and water
C) Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
D) Chlorine gas and sodium metal
22. Which base is commonly found in soaps and detergents?
A) Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
B) Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
C) Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH)
D) Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)2)
23. Vinegar is a dilute solution of which acid?
A) Formic acid
B) Lactic acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Oxalic acid
24. Which of the following acids is found in lemons and limes?
A) Acetic acid
B) Citric acid
C) Sulfuric acid
D) Hydrochloric acid
25. What is the main environmental concern associated with plastics?
A) They are excellent conductors of electricity.
B) They decompose easily in landfills.
C) Their non-biodegradability leads to pollution.
D) They are a source of renewable energy.
26. Which plastic is known for its rigidity and is often used in pipes and window frames?
A) Polyethylene
B) Polypropylene
C) Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
D) Polystyrene
27. Which type of plastic is commonly used for making plastic bags and films?
A) Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
B) Polystyrene
C) Polyethylene
D) Polypropylene
28. What is the primary characteristic that makes plastics useful in many applications?
A) High melting point
B) Brittleness
C) Versatility and moldability
D) Poor electrical insulation
29. Plastics are generally:
A) Biodegradable
B) Non-biodegradable
C) Good conductors of heat
D) Soluble in water
30. Which of the following is a natural polymer?
A) Polythene
B) Nylon
C) Cellulose
D) PVC
31. Excessive use of fertilizers can lead to:
A) Soil enrichment
B) Improved crop yield
C) Water pollution (eutrophication)
D) Increased biodiversity
32. Potassium fertilizers are important for which plant function?
A) Nitrogen fixation
B) Water regulation and disease resistance
C) Root elongation
D) Leaf greenness
33. Which fertilizer provides phosphorus to plants, essential for root development and flowering?
A) Urea
B) Potash
C) Superphosphate
D) Ammonium Nitrate
34. Which nutrient is crucial for leaf development and chlorophyll formation in plants?
A) Phosphorus
B) Potassium
C) Nitrogen
D) Calcium
35. What is the main purpose of fertilizers in agriculture?
A) To kill pests
B) To increase soil acidity
C) To provide essential nutrients to plants
D) To improve water retention
36. Which of the following is a primary component of LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)?
A) Methane
B) Ethane
C) Propane and Butane
D) Hydrogen
37. Burning of fossil fuels releases which greenhouse gas into the atmosphere?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon Dioxide
D) Argon
38. Which fossil fuel is primarily composed of methane?
A) Coal
B) Petroleum
C) Natural Gas
D) Lignite
39. What are fossil fuels formed from?
A) Decomposed plant and animal remains
B) Volcanic activity
C) Geothermal heat
D) Photosynthesis
40. Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy?
A) Solar energy
B) Wind energy
C) Coal
D) Hydroelectric power
41. Which gas is produced when an acid reacts with a reactive metal like zinc?
A) Oxygen
B) Carbon Dioxide
C) Hydrogen
D) Nitrogen
42. What are the products of a neutralization reaction?
A) Acid and Base
B) Salt and Water
C) Hydrogen and Oxygen
D) Carbon Dioxide and Water
43. The reaction between an acid and a base is called:
A) Oxidation
B) Reduction
C) Neutralization
D) Combustion
44. Which salt is commonly used as an antacid to neutralize excess stomach acid?
A) Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
B) Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)2)
C) Potassium Nitrate (KNO3)
D) Ammonium Sulphate ((NH4)2SO4)
45. What is the common name for Sodium Chloride?
A) Baking soda
B) Washing soda
C) Table salt
D) Caustic soda
46. Which indicator turns red in acidic solutions and blue in basic solutions?
A) Phenolphthalein
B) Methyl orange
C) Litmus
D) Turmeric
47. A solution with a pH of 7 is considered:
A) Acidic
B) Basic
C) Neutral
D) Alkaline
48. What is the pH range for acidic solutions?
A) 0-6
B) 7-14
C) Below 7
D) Exactly 7
49. Bases typically exhibit which of the following properties?
A) They taste sour.
B) They are good conductors of electricity in aqueous solution.
C) They turn blue litmus paper red.
D) They react with acids to form salts and water.
50. Which of the following is a common characteristic of acids?
A) They taste bitter.
B) They feel slippery.
C) They turn red litmus paper blue.
D) They react with metals to produce hydrogen gas.
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