Momentum, Newtons second law of motion, impulse - Question Bank

1. Which quantity is conserved in an isolated system according to Newton's laws?
A) Kinetic Energy
B) Potential Energy
C) Momentum
D) Angular Momentum
2. A body of mass 10 kg is moving with a velocity of 5 m/s. If a force of 20 N is applied in the direction of motion for 2 seconds, the new momentum will be:
A) 50 kg m/s
B) 70 kg m/s
C) 90 kg m/s
D) 100 kg m/s
3. The change in momentum of a body is equal to the:
A) Net force acting on it
B) Product of force and time
C) Work done on it
D) Impulse applied to it
4. According to Newton's second law, if the net force acting on an object is zero, then the object's momentum:
A) Increases linearly with time
B) Decreases linearly with time
C) Remains constant
D) Becomes zero
5. A body of mass m has momentum p. If its kinetic energy is doubled, what will be its new momentum?
A) p * sqrt(2)
B) 2p
C) p / sqrt(2)
D) p / 2
6. If a force F = 5t + 2 acts on a body of mass 1 kg from t=0 to t=2s, the impulse is:
A) 7 Ns
B) 10 Ns
C) 12 Ns
D) 14 Ns
7. Which of the following is NOT conserved in a collision if external forces are present?
A) Total kinetic energy
B) Total momentum
C) Mass of the system
D) Energy of the system
8. The area under the force-time graph represents:
A) Change in momentum
B) Work done
C) Impulse
D) Kinetic energy
9. A large force acts for a short duration. This is best described as:
A) A constant force
B) An impulse
C) A change in mass
D) A continuous force
10. If the mass of a body is kept constant, and its momentum is increased by 100%, its velocity will:
A) Halve
B) Double
C) Quadruple
D) Remain the same
11. Newton's second law provides a quantitative definition of:
A) Mass
B) Velocity
C) Force
D) Acceleration
12. What is the magnitude of the momentum of a 2 kg object moving at 10 m/s?
A) 5 kg m/s
B) 10 kg m/s
C) 20 kg m/s
D) 100 kg m/s
13. If the time of impact is reduced, while the change in momentum remains the same, the average force will:
A) Decrease
B) Increase
C) Remain the same
D) Become zero
14. A body is at rest. Its momentum is:
A) Positive
B) Negative
C) Zero
D) Indeterminate
15. Which of the following is a direct consequence of Newton's second law?
A) Inertia
B) Action-reaction principle
C) Impulse-momentum theorem
D) Conservation of angular momentum
16. The SI unit of impulse is:
A) Newton
B) Pascal
C) Kilogram-meter per second
D) Newton-second
17. If the velocity of a body is doubled, its momentum is:
A) Halved
B) Doubled
C) Quadrupled
D) Unchanged
18. A body is acted upon by a net force. What happens to its momentum?
A) It remains constant.
B) It increases.
C) It decreases.
D) It changes.
19. If a force of 50 N acts on a body for 0.05 s, the impulse is:
A) 0.1 Ns
B) 2.5 Ns
C) 10 Ns
D) 2500 Ns
20. A rocket expels gases downwards at a high velocity. The upward thrust experienced by the rocket is due to:
A) Newton's First Law
B) Newton's Second Law
C) Conservation of momentum
D) Conservation of energy
21. Which statement best describes the relationship between force and momentum according to Newton's second law?
A) Force is proportional to momentum.
B) Force is inversely proportional to the rate of change of momentum.
C) Force is equal to the rate of change of momentum.
D) Force is equal to momentum divided by time.
22. Consider a system of two particles A and B. If no external force acts on the system, the total momentum of the system:
A) Is always zero
B) Changes based on the interaction between A and B
C) Remains constant
D) Is equal to the sum of their individual momenta
23. A body of mass 2 kg has momentum 6 kg m/s. Its kinetic energy is:
A) 3 J
B) 9 J
C) 18 J
D) 36 J
24. The impulse-momentum theorem states that the impulse applied to an object is equal to the:
A) Net force multiplied by time
B) Mass multiplied by change in velocity
C) Change in the object's momentum
D) Initial momentum of the object
25. A force F acts on a body of mass m. If the force is doubled and the mass is halved, the acceleration will be:
A) The same
B) Doubled
C) Quadrupled
D) Halved
26. If the net force on a particle is zero, its acceleration is:
A) Zero
B) Non-zero but constant
C) Variable
D) Infinite
27. The product of mass and velocity of a body is called:
A) Impulse
B) Momentum
C) Force
D) Acceleration
28. A cricket player catches a fast-moving ball by moving his hands backward. This is done to:
A) Increase the time of impact, thus decreasing the impulse
B) Decrease the time of impact, thus increasing the impulse
C) Increase the time of impact, thus decreasing the force
D) Decrease the time of impact, thus increasing the force
29. If the momentum of a particle is increased by 50%, its kinetic energy increases by a factor of:
A) 1.5
B) 2.25
C) 1.25
D) 2.5
30. Newton's second law of motion can be used to define:
A) Momentum
B) Inertia
C) Force
D) Energy
31. A ball of mass 0.2 kg collides with a wall and bounces back with the same speed of 10 m/s. The impulse experienced by the ball is:
A) Zero
B) 4 kg m/s
C) 2 kg m/s
D) 20 kg m/s
32. If the mass of a body is doubled and its velocity is halved, its momentum will:
A) Remain the same
B) Be doubled
C) Be halved
D) Become four times
33. In which of the following scenarios is the impulse maximum?
A) A force of 10 N acting for 0.1 s
B) A force of 5 N acting for 0.5 s
C) A force of 20 N acting for 0.05 s
D) A force of 1 N acting for 2 s
34. A constant force F acts on a body of mass m for time Δt. If the initial momentum is p_i and final momentum is p_f, then F is equal to:
A) (p_f - p_i) / Δt
B) m * (p_f - p_i) / Δt
C) Δt / (p_f - p_i)
D) m * Δt / (p_f - p_i)
35. If the net force acting on a system is zero, then:
A) The momentum of the system changes
B) The kinetic energy of the system is zero
C) The momentum of the system remains constant
D) The acceleration of the system is zero
36. A car of mass 1000 kg is moving with a velocity of 20 m/s. What is its momentum?
A) 2000 kg m/s
B) 20000 kg m/s
C) 1000 kg m/s
D) 20 kg m/s
37. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding impulse?
A) Impulse is the change in momentum.
B) Impulse is the product of force and time.
C) Impulse is a scalar quantity.
D) Impulse is equal to the area under the force-time graph.
38. When a bullet is fired from a gun, the gun recoils. This is an example of:
A) Conservation of energy
B) Newton's Second Law
C) Conservation of linear momentum
D) Impulse-momentum theorem
39. A force of 10 N acts on a body of mass 5 kg for 2 seconds. The change in momentum of the body is:
A) 5 kg m/s
B) 10 kg m/s
C) 20 kg m/s
D) 40 kg m/s
40. If two objects of masses m1 and m2 have the same momentum, what is the ratio of their kinetic energies?
A) m1/m2
B) m2/m1
C) (m1/m2)^2
D) (m2/m1)^2
41. The principle of conservation of linear momentum is a consequence of which law of motion?
A) Newton's First Law
B) Newton's Second Law
C) Newton's Third Law
D) All of the above
42. A body is moving with a constant velocity. What can be said about the net force acting on it?
A) It is equal to the momentum
B) It is equal to the impulse
C) It is zero
D) It is equal to the mass
43. Consider a situation where a bat hits a ball. The impulse experienced by the ball is equal to the:
A) Average force exerted by the bat
B) Change in momentum of the ball
C) Duration of contact between bat and ball
D) Initial momentum of the ball
44. If the momentum of an object of mass m is p, its kinetic energy is given by:
A) p^2 / (2m)
B) p / (2m)
C) 2m / p^2
D) p / m
45. A large force acting for a very short time is called:
A) Impulse
B) Momentum
C) Average force
D) Net force
46. Which of the following is equivalent to impulse?
A) Change in kinetic energy
B) Change in potential energy
C) Change in momentum
D) Change in velocity
47. Impulse is defined as the product of:
A) Force and displacement
B) Force and time interval
C) Mass and velocity
D) Mass and acceleration
48. If a net force F acts on a body of mass m, and its momentum changes from p1 to p2 in time Δt, which equation represents Newton's second law?
A) F = m * (p2 - p1) / Δt
B) F = (p2 - p1) / Δt
C) F = Δt / (p2 - p1)
D) F = m * (p1 - p2) / Δt
49. Newton's second law of motion states that the rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to:
A) The velocity of the body
B) The displacement of the body
C) The net external force acting on the body
D) The mass of the body
50. Momentum is a vector quantity. Which of the following correctly represents its direction?
A) Perpendicular to the direction of motion
B) Opposite to the direction of motion
C) In the same direction as the velocity
D) In the same direction as the acceleration
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