Nuclear chemistry: decay modes, nuclear reactions, Q‑value, cross sections and photonuclear reactions - Question Bank
1. Which type of nuclear reaction involves the interaction of two nuclei to form a heavier nucleus?
2. What is the primary consequence of a nuclear reaction with a large positive Q-value?
3. Photonuclear reactions are also known as:
4. The term 'cross section' in nuclear physics is analogous to:
5. A nuclear reaction that requires energy input to proceed is:
6. The 'decay modes' of a radioactive isotope describe:
7. What happens to the number of protons and neutrons in beta-plus decay?
8. What happens to the number of protons and neutrons in beta-minus decay?
9. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of photonuclear reactions?
10. In nuclear reactions, 'cross section' is usually measured in units of:
11. What is the significance of the 'binding energy per nucleon' in nuclear reactions?
12. The probability of a neutron-induced reaction is often described by its:
13. Which nuclear decay mode does not change the mass number of the nucleus?
14. Photonuclear reactions are typically observed with gamma rays of energy:
15. What is the term for a nuclear reaction where the incident particle transfers energy and momentum to the target nucleus, but does not form a compound nucleus?
16. The Q-value of a nuclear reaction is essentially the difference in:
17. Which particle is primarily responsible for initiating a chain reaction in nuclear fission?
18. Beta-plus decay decreases the atomic number of the nucleus by:
19. Beta-minus decay increases the atomic number of the nucleus by:
20. A nucleus that undergoes alpha decay will have its atomic number decreased by:
21. A nucleus that undergoes alpha decay will have its mass number decreased by:
22. What is the primary difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?
23. In the context of nuclear reactions, what does 'cross section' depend on?
24. The term 'decay modes' refers to:
25. Which of the following best describes the process of pair production induced by a high-energy photon?
26. What is the phenomenon where a nucleus absorbs a gamma ray photon and becomes excited?
27. A nuclear reaction with Q = 0 is:
28. What is the term for a nuclear reaction where the incident particle is absorbed by the target nucleus, and the resulting excited nucleus immediately decays?
29. Which type of nuclear reaction is the primary energy source of stars like the Sun?
30. In nuclear reactions, 'cross section' is a measure of:
31. The Q-value calculation for a nuclear reaction relies on the principle of:
32. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental decay mode?
33. The energy released in nuclear fusion reactions primarily comes from:
34. What are the primary products of the fission of Uranium-235 by a thermal neutron?
35. What is electron capture?
36. Which type of decay is often accompanied by gamma emission?
37. In a photonuclear reaction, a gamma ray photon can eject a particle from the nucleus. This process is called:
38. Photonuclear reactions involve the interaction of gamma rays with:
39. What does the 'cross section' conceptually represent in nuclear physics?
40. A larger cross section for a particular nuclear reaction implies:
41. What is the unit commonly used to express the cross section of a nuclear reaction?
42. An endothermic nuclear reaction is characterized by a Q-value that is:
43. A nuclear reaction with a positive Q-value is:
44. What does the Q-value of a nuclear reaction represent?
45. A nuclear reaction where a nucleus is bombarded by a particle, leading to a change in its composition, is known as:
46. Nuclear fusion is the process where:
47. What is the process called when a nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei?
48. Gamma decay primarily involves the release of energy in the form of:
49. In beta-plus decay, what particle is emitted along with a neutrino?
50. What is the primary characteristic of beta-minus decay?