NEET UG - Pressure due to a fluid column, Pascal's law and applications, effect of gravity on fluid pressure Question Bank with Options

1. Which of the following is a consequence of gravity's effect on fluid pressure?

A) A balloon floats upwards

B) Water flows downhill

C) Pressure increases with depth

D) Boiling point of water changes with altitude

2. In a closed container filled with an incompressible fluid, if pressure is applied to one part, the pressure at all other parts will:

A) Increase proportionally to distance from the application point

B) Decrease proportionally to distance from the application point

C) Increase by the same amount

D) Remain unchanged

3. The pressure at the deepest part of the ocean is significantly higher than atmospheric pressure due to:

A) The temperature of the water

B) The density and immense height of the water column

C) The salinity of the water

D) The movement of currents

4. If a fluid is at rest, the pressure gradient is related to the gravitational force by:

A) ∇P = ρg

B) ∇P = -ρg

C) ∇P = ρ/g

D) ∇P = g/ρ

5. A hydraulic press allows us to lift heavy objects using a smaller input force. This is an application of:

A) Conservation of Momentum

B) Pascal's Law

C) Torricelli's Theorem

D) Bernoulli's Principle

6. The pressure exerted by a fluid column of height 'h' and density 'ρ' in a gravitational field 'g' is:

A) Directly proportional to ρ and h, inversely proportional to g

B) Directly proportional to ρ, inversely proportional to h and g

C) Directly proportional to ρ, g and h

D) Independent of ρ, g and h

7. A diver ascending from a deep sea dive must decompress slowly to avoid:

A) Increased external pressure

B) Formation of nitrogen bubbles in the blood due to reduced pressure

C) Decreased oxygen availability

D) Hypothermia

8. The pressure at the bottom of a container filled with a liquid is independent of:

A) The density of the liquid

B) The acceleration due to gravity

C) The height of the liquid column

D) The shape of the container

9. In a hydraulic system, work done is conserved (ignoring friction). If the force is multiplied by a factor of 'n', the distance over which the force is applied must be:

A) Multiplied by 'n'

B) Divided by 'n'

C) Increased by 'n'

D) Decreased by 'n'

10. The reason why a liquid surface under gravity is always horizontal is due to:

A) Viscosity

B) Surface tension

C) Pressure distribution

D) Incompressibility

11. If a container is open to the atmosphere and filled with a liquid, the absolute pressure at a depth 'h' is given by:

A) P_atm + ρgh

B) P_atm - ρgh

C) ρgh

D) P_atm

12. A siphon works based on the principle of:

A) Pascal's law

B) Bernoulli's principle and atmospheric pressure

C) Surface tension

D) Capillary action

13. Which of the following statements about fluid pressure is correct?

A) Pressure increases with the horizontal distance from the wall.

B) Pressure is exerted equally in all directions at a point.

C) Pressure is independent of the depth of the fluid.

D) Pressure is only due to the weight of the fluid above.

14. When a fluid is in equilibrium, the force exerted by the fluid on any surface is:

A) Parallel to the surface

B) Perpendicular to the surface

C) At an angle depending on the fluid's viscosity

D) Zero

15. The pressure at the same horizontal level in a connected body of a homogeneous liquid is:

A) Different if the shape of the containers is different

B) The same, irrespective of the shape of the container

C) Dependent on the total volume of the liquid

D) Dependent on the height of the liquid in each container

16. A hydraulic press has a small piston of area 10 cm² and a large piston of area 100 cm². If a force of 50 N is applied to the small piston, the force exerted by the large piston is:

A) 5 N

B) 50 N

C) 500 N

D) 5000 N

17. If the acceleration due to gravity 'g' on Earth were zero, what would be the pressure at any depth in a fluid column?

A) Infinite

B) Equal to atmospheric pressure

C) Zero

D) Dependent on density only

18. A large tank is filled with water. A tap is opened at a depth 'h' from the surface. The speed of efflux of water depends on:

A) The area of the tap

B) The density of water

C) The height 'h' (Torricelli's theorem)

D) The shape of the tank

19. Consider a fluid at rest. The pressure difference between two points in the fluid, separated by a vertical distance 'h', is given by:

A) ρgh

B) ρ/gh

C) gh/ρ

D) ρg/h

20. The pressure at a point in a liquid is the same in all directions. This statement is a consequence of:

A) Newton's third law

B) Pascal's law

C) The property of fluids to flow

D) The effect of gravity

21. In a hydraulic brake system, the brake fluid transmits pressure from the brake pedal to the brake pads. This transmission follows:

A) Archimedes' principle

B) Torricelli's law

C) Pascal's law

D) Poiseuille's law

22. A man stands on the ground. The pressure exerted by him on the ground depends on:

A) His height

B) His weight and the area of his feet

C) The density of his body

D) The atmospheric pressure

23. If the density of the fluid is doubled, while the height of the column and gravity remain the same, the pressure exerted by the fluid column will:

A) Halve

B) Double

C) Remain the same

D) Quadruple

24. The pressure at the bottom of a dam is greatest at the:

A) Top of the dam

B) Middle of the dam

C) Base of the dam

D) Center of the water surface

25. A hydraulic jack uses two cylinders of different diameters. If the diameter of the larger cylinder is twice the diameter of the smaller cylinder, the force multiplication factor is:

A) 2

B) 4

C) 8

D) 16

26. If a container is filled with a liquid and accelerated horizontally, the pressure at a given depth:

A) Remains uniform

B) Increases in the direction of acceleration

C) Decreases in the direction of acceleration

D) Becomes independent of depth

27. Pascal's law is applicable to:

A) Gases only

B) Liquids only

C) Enclosed fluids (liquids and gases)

D) Solids under pressure

28. The pressure at the surface of a liquid is usually considered to be:

A) Zero

B) Equal to atmospheric pressure

C) Dependent on the liquid's density

D) Dependent on the container's shape

29. A submarine at a depth of 100 meters experiences a pressure due to the water column. If the density of seawater is 1025 kg/m³ and g ≈ 10 m/s², the pressure due to water alone is approximately:

A) 1.025 MPa

B) 10.25 MPa

C) 102.5 kPa

D) 1025 kPa

30. In a hydraulic system, if the input force is applied over a smaller area, the output force is achieved over a larger area. This is a mechanical advantage gained due to:

A) Increased fluid velocity

B) Pressure transmission according to Pascal's law

C) Reduced fluid viscosity

D) Increased fluid density

31. The pressure at a depth 'h' in a liquid of density 'ρ' is given by P = ρgh. If gravity 'g' were to increase, the pressure at depth 'h' would:

A) Decrease

B) Increase

C) Remain unchanged

D) Become zero

32. When gravity is considered, the pressure at a point in a fluid is:

A) Independent of depth

B) Dependent on the horizontal distance from the container wall

C) Dependent on depth and density

D) Only dependent on the atmospheric pressure above

33. Consider two identical containers filled with water to the same height. One is cylindrical, and the other is conical with the wider end at the top. The pressure at the bottom of both containers will be:

A) Greater in the conical container

B) Greater in the cylindrical container

C) Equal

D) Dependent on the water's temperature

34. A hydraulic press operates on the principle of:

A) Buoyancy

B) Pascal's Law

C) Bernoulli's Principle

D) Surface Tension

35. The pressure at the bottom of a container filled with a liquid depends on the liquid's:

A) Shape of the container

B) Volume of the liquid

C) Density and height

D) Temperature

36. If you dive deeper into a lake, the pressure you experience will:

A) Decrease

B) Increase

C) Remain the same

D) Fluctuate randomly

37. Absolute pressure is the sum of gauge pressure and:

A) Hydrostatic pressure

B) Atmospheric pressure

C) Dynamic pressure

D) Viscous pressure

38. Gauge pressure is the pressure relative to:

A) Absolute zero pressure

B) Atmospheric pressure

C) Vacuum pressure

D) The pressure at the bottom of the fluid

39. A U-tube manometer is used to measure:

A) Atmospheric pressure

B) Gauge pressure

C) Absolute pressure

D) Density of liquids

40. A barometer is a device used to measure:

A) Fluid pressure

B) Atmospheric pressure

C) Gauge pressure

D) Absolute pressure

41. At sea level, standard atmospheric pressure is approximately:

A) 101.3 kPa

B) 10.13 kPa

C) 1013 kPa

D) 1.013 kPa

42. Atmospheric pressure is the pressure exerted by the weight of the:

A) Earth's crust

B) Ocean water

C) Atmosphere

D) Earth's core

43. The effect of gravity on fluid pressure is that pressure:

A) Decreases with depth

B) Increases with depth

C) Remains constant regardless of depth

D) Is zero at the surface

44. If the area of the larger piston in a hydraulic lift is A2 and the area of the smaller piston is A1, and forces F1 and F2 are applied, then F2/F1 is equal to:

A) A1/A2

B) A2/A1

C) (A1*A2)

D) (A1+A2)

45. In a hydraulic lift, a small force applied to a small piston generates a large force on a large piston because of:

A) Conservation of energy

B) Pascal's law

C) Archimedes' principle

D) Torricelli's theorem

46. Which of the following is a common application of Pascal's law?

A) Bernoulli's principle

B) Hydraulic lift

C) Surface tension

D) Capillary action

47. Pascal's law states that a change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted:

A) Only to the bottom of the container

B) Unequally to all parts of the fluid

C) Equally and undiminished to every portion of the fluid

D) Only to the walls of the container

48. The formula for pressure exerted by a fluid column is P = ρgh, where ρ is the fluid density, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the:

A) Radius of the container

B) Diameter of the container

C) Height of the fluid column

D) Volume of the fluid

49. Pressure exerted by a fluid column is directly proportional to its:

A) Density and depth

B) Density and height

C) Height and area

D) Depth and area

50. What is the SI unit of pressure?

A) Pascal (Pa)

B) Newton (N)

C) Joule (J)

D) Watt (W)

Pressure due to a fluid column, Pascal's law and applications, effect of gravity on fluid pressure - Question Bank