Tetravalency of carbon hybridization shapes of molecules classification by functional groups homologous series and isomerism - Question Bank

1. Which of the following is an example of a cycloalkane functional group?
A) -OH
B) -COOH
C) Cyclo-
D) -NH₂
2. The term 'tetravalency' for carbon refers to its ability to form how many covalent bonds?
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Six
3. The number of sigma bonds and pi bonds in ethyne is:
A) 3 sigma, 2 pi
B) 2 sigma, 3 pi
C) 4 sigma, 1 pi
D) 3 sigma, 1 pi
4. The number of sigma bonds and pi bonds in ethene is:
A) 5 sigma, 1 pi
B) 4 sigma, 2 pi
C) 6 sigma, 1 pi
D) 5 sigma, 2 pi
5. Optical isomerism arises due to the presence of:
A) A double bond
B) A chiral center (e.g., a carbon atom bonded to four different groups)
C) A triple bond
D) A simple functional group
6. Geometric isomerism (cis-trans isomerism) is possible in compounds with:
A) Single bonds and free rotation
B) Double bonds or rings and restricted rotation
C) Only single bonds
D) Only triple bonds
7. Stereoisomerism is a type of isomerism where isomers have:
A) Different connectivity of atoms
B) Same molecular formula but different structural formula
C) Same structural formula but different spatial arrangement of atoms
D) Different functional groups
8. Which of the following is a characteristic of a homologous series?
A) Same physical properties
B) Different functional groups
C) Gradual change in physical properties
D) Different molecular formulas with no pattern
9. The classification of organic compounds is primarily based on:
A) Molecular weight
B) Number of carbon atoms
C) Presence of specific functional groups
D) Boiling point
10. The shape of a molecule with sp² hybridization is:
A) Linear
B) Tetrahedral
C) Trigonal planar
D) Bent
11. The carbon atoms in benzene (C₆H₆) are hybridized as:
A) sp
B) sp²
C) sp³
D) d²sp³
12. Which of the following is a tertiary alcohol?
A) Methanol
B) Ethanol
C) Propan-1-ol
D) 2-methylpropan-2-ol
13. Which of the following is a secondary alcohol?
A) Ethanol
B) Propan-1-ol
C) Propan-2-ol
D) Methanol
14. Which of the following is a primary alcohol?
A) Propan-1-ol
B) Propan-2-ol
C) 2-methylpropan-2-ol
D) Propanone
15. In neopentane (2,2-dimethylpropane), what is the classification of the central carbon atom?
A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Quaternary
16. In isobutane (2-methylpropane), how many secondary carbon atoms are present?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
17. In isobutane (2-methylpropane), how many primary carbon atoms are present?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
18. A carbon atom bonded to three other carbon atoms is classified as:
A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Quaternary
19. Which type of carbon atom is bonded to only one other carbon atom?
A) Primary (1°)
B) Secondary (2°)
C) Tertiary (3°)
D) Quaternary (4°)
20. What is the name of the compound with molecular formula C₂H₂?
A) Ethane
B) Ethene
C) Ethyne
D) Ethene oxide
21. What is the name of the compound with molecular formula C₂H₄?
A) Ethane
B) Ethene
C) Ethyne
D) Ethanol
22. What is the name of the compound with molecular formula C₃H₈?
A) Propene
B) Propyne
C) Propane
D) Propanal
23. The general formula for alkynes is:
A) CnH₂n+₂
B) CnH₂n
C) CnH₂n-₂
D) CnH₂n+₁
24. The general formula for alkenes is:
A) CnH₂n+₂
B) CnH₂n
C) CnH₂n-₂
D) CnH₂n+₁
25. The general formula for alkanes is:
A) CnH₂n+₂
B) CnH₂n
C) CnH₂n-₂
D) CnH₂n+₁
26. The first member of the alkene homologous series is:
A) Ethene
B) Propene
C) M Ethene
D) Butene
27. The simplest alkane is:
A) Ethane
B) Propane
C) Methane
D) Butane
28. Which of the following pairs represents metamers?
A) Ethanol and propanal
B) Diethyl ether and methyl propyl ether
C) Butanoic acid and ethyl acetate
D) 1-chlorobutane and 2-chlorobutane
29. 1-propanol and 2-propanol are examples of:
A) Chain isomers
B) Position isomers
C) Functional isomers
D) Metamers
30. Ethanol and dimethyl ether are examples of:
A) Chain isomers
B) Position isomers
C) Functional isomers
D) Metamers
31. What type of isomerism exists between n-butane and isobutane (2-methylpropane)?
A) Position isomerism
B) Chain isomerism
C) Functional isomerism
D) Metamerism
32. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas are called:
A) Homologues
B) Isotopes
C) Isomers
D) Allotropes
33. The functional group -COOH is the characteristic group of:
A) Alcohols
B) Ethers
C) Carboxylic acids
D) Esters
34. Which functional group contains a carbonyl group bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups?
A) Aldehyde
B) Carboxylic acid
C) Ketone
D) Amide
35. The functional group -CHO is characteristic of which class of compounds?
A) Ketones
B) Aldehydes
C) Carboxylic acids
D) Esters
36. Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes belong to which class of hydrocarbons?
A) Aromatic hydrocarbons
B) Aliphatic hydrocarbons
C) Cyclic hydrocarbons
D) Heterocyclic hydrocarbons
37. Which of the following represents an alkyl group?
A) R-OH
B) R-COOH
C) R-X
D) R-
38. A group of organic compounds having the same functional group and successive members differing by a CH₂ unit is called a:
A) Isomer
B) Homologue
C) Functional group
D) Series
39. Which of the following is NOT a functional group in organic chemistry?
A) -OH (hydroxyl)
B) -COOH (carboxyl)
C) -CH₃ (methyl)
D) -NH₂ (amino)
40. A triple bond between carbon atoms involves which type of hybridization for those carbon atoms?
A) sp²
B) sp³
C) sp
D) d²sp³
41. The presence of a double bond between carbon atoms indicates which type of hybridization for those carbon atoms?
A) sp
B) sp³
C) sp²
D) s²p
42. In a molecule with sp² hybridization, the bond angles are approximately:
A) 90°
B) 109.5°
C) 120°
D) 180°
43. Which hybridization corresponds to a linear geometry?
A) sp²
B) sp³
C) sp
D) sd²
44. What is the geometry around each carbon atom in ethyne (C₂H₂)?
A) Linear
B) Trigonal planar
C) Tetrahedral
D) Bent
45. In ethene (C₂H₄), what is the hybridization of each carbon atom?
A) sp
B) sp²
C) sp³
D) d²sp³
46. What is the geometry of a molecule with sp³ hybridization?
A) Linear
B) Trigonal planar
C) Tetrahedral
D) Square planar
47. Which type of hybridization is observed in methane (CH₄)?
A) sp
B) sp²
C) sp³
D) dsp²
48. The phenomenon where an atom of a particular element can have different types of hybridization is known as:
A) Isomerism
B) Homologous series
C) Hybridization
D) Tetravalency
49. In its excited state, what is the electronic configuration of carbon?
A) 1s² 2s² 2p²
B) 1s² 2s¹ 2p³
C) 1s² 2p⁴
D) 1s¹ 2s² 2p³
50. What is the electronic configuration of carbon in its ground state?
A) 1s² 2s² 2p²
B) 1s² 2s¹ 2p³
C) 1s² 2p⁴
D) 1s¹ 2s² 2p¹