Dairy farming – important breeds, white revolution, diseases, by-products - One Line Questions

1. Manure from dairy animals is a valuable by-product used as: — A fertilizer and soil conditioner
2. The 'Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy' (BSE), also known as 'Mad Cow Disease', is a fatal neurological disease affecting cattle. It is caused by: — A prion
3. What is the primary protein found in milk? — Casein
4. Which of the following is a common parasitic disease affecting the digestive system of young calves, leading to diarrhea? — Parasitic gastroenteritis (worms)
5. Which of the following is a zoonotic disease transmitted through contaminated milk or contact with infected animals, causing fever and joint pain? — Brucellosis
6. Which disease, characterized by fever, lameness, and mouth/foot lesions, poses a significant threat to dairy herds worldwide? — Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD)
7. Which of the following is NOT a typical by-product of dairy farming? — Soybean oil
8. Which specific by-product of milk processing is rich in lactose and whey proteins, often used in animal feed or food supplements? — Whey powder
9. The process of making butter involves churning cream. What is the main component separated during this process? — Buttermilk
10. Red Sindhi cattle are known for their adaptability to which type of climate? — Hot and humid
11. What is the primary by-product of milk processing used to make cheese? — Whey
12. Which of the following is a key indicator of the success of the White Revolution in India? — Increased per capita availability of milk
13. Mastitis is a common disease in dairy animals. It primarily affects which part of the animal? — Udder
14. Dahi (curd/yogurt) is a fermented dairy product. What is the primary microorganism responsible for its fermentation? — Lactobacillus species
15. Kulfi, a popular frozen dairy dessert, is a by-product of dairy farming. What is its primary base ingredient? — Condensed milk and cream
16. Which Indian breed of cattle is known for its white coat and distinctive lyre-shaped horns? — Gir
17. The 'Operation Flood' is another name for which major dairy development program in India? — White Revolution
18. Which Indian state is often referred to as the 'Dairy of India' due to its high milk production? — Uttar Pradesh
19. Which of the following is a common symptom of ketosis in high-producing dairy cows? — Lethargy and decreased milk production
20. Which of the following is a common sign of economic loss in dairy farming due to disease? — Reduced milk yield and quality
21. The 'White Revolution' in India is primarily associated with which of the following? — Increased production and availability of milk
22. Brucellosis, also known as Bang's disease, is a zoonotic disease that can be transmitted to humans from infected animals. What is a common symptom in female dairy animals? — Infertility and abortion
23. Jersey cattle, an exotic breed, are known for their high butterfat content in milk. They originated from which island? — Jersey
24. Which of the following is a prominent indigenous breed of Indian cattle known for its high milk yield and draft power? — Gir
25. Which exotic breed of cattle is known for its high milk yield and larger body size, often used in crossbreeding programs? — Holstein Friesian
26. Which exotic breed of cattle is widely used in India for crossbreeding to improve milk production? — Holstein Friesian
27. The process of homogenization in dairy aims to: — Break down fat globules to prevent cream from separating
28. What is the primary nutritional component that differentiates cream from milk? — Fat
29. Tuberculosis (TB) in dairy animals is caused by a bacterium. It primarily affects which organ system? — Lungs and other organs
30. The Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) plays a crucial role in research related to animal diseases, including those affecting dairy animals. Where is its main campus located? — Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh
31. Who is widely regarded as the 'Father of the White Revolution' in India? — Verghese Kurien
32. The 'Banjara' breed of cattle is primarily found in which Indian state? — Andhra Pradesh
33. The Amul cooperative, a major player in India's White Revolution, is headquartered in which state? — Gujarat
34. What is the primary function of the National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) in India? — Research and development in dairy science and technology
35. What is the term for inflammation of the udder, a major concern in dairy farming? — Mastitis
36. Which of the following is an important indigenous breed of Indian buffalo? — Murrah
37. Which government agency in India is primarily responsible for the development and promotion of the dairy sector? — NDDB (National Dairy Development Board)
38. Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals, including cattle and buffaloes. Which system is mainly targeted by FMD? — Oral and foot lesions
39. The process of separating cream from milk is called: — Centrifugation (Cream Separation)
40. The bacterial contamination of milk can lead to spoilage and health risks. Which of the following is a common source of bacterial contamination? — Unhygienic handling and storage
41. The Sahiwal breed of cattle is native to which region? — Punjab region of India and Pakistan
42. Which Indian state is home to the famous Gir breed of cattle? — Gujarat
43. Paneer, a type of fresh cheese, is made by curdling milk with an acidic substance. What is typically used for curdling? — Lemon juice or vinegar
44. Which Indian breed of buffalo is known for its high milk production and is often called the 'Polo Bull'? — Murrah
45. What is the primary goal of selective breeding in dairy farming? — To enhance desirable traits like milk yield and fat content
46. What is the main objective of pasteurization of milk? — To increase milk's shelf life by killing harmful bacteria
47. What is the main objective of a dairy farm's biosecurity measures? — To prevent the introduction and spread of diseases within the herd
48. Which Indian state is a major producer of buffalo milk and has breeds like Mehsana and Surti? — Gujarat
49. Rinderpest, a highly fatal viral disease of cattle, has been globally eradicated. What was its primary mode of transmission? — Airborne droplets and contaminated feed/water
50. Ghee, a clarified butterfat, is a popular dairy by-product in India. What is its main component? — Milk solids and fat
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