NEET UG - Heat, work and internal energy, first law of thermodynamics, isothermal and adiabatic processes One Line Questions & Answers

1. For an ideal monatomic gas, the value of γ is approximately: — 1.67

2. For an ideal diatomic gas, the value of γ is approximately: — 1.4

3. If 100 J of heat is supplied to a system and the work done by the system is 30 J, the change in internal energy is: — 70 J

4. For an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal process, the change in internal energy is: — Zero

5. In a cyclic process, the net change in internal energy of the system is: — Zero

6. In an isothermal compression, work is done ______ the system, and heat is ______. — on, released

7. What is the SI unit of heat? — Joule

8. In an isothermal process, the temperature of the system remains: — Constant

9. The specific heat capacity of a gas at constant volume is denoted by: — Cv

10. The specific heat capacity of a gas at constant pressure is denoted by: — Cp

11. Which of the following correctly represents the relationship between Cp, Cv, and R for an ideal gas? — Cp - Cv = R

12. In an adiabatic process, if the volume decreases, the pressure: — Increases

13. In an isothermal process, PV = constant. If the volume of an ideal gas is doubled, its pressure becomes: — Half

14. The internal energy of a system increases if: — Heat is supplied and work is done on the system

15. According to the First Law of Thermodynamics, the change in internal energy of a system is equal to: — Heat supplied minus work done by the system

16. An isothermal process is a slow process because: — Heat transfer is slow enough to maintain constant temperature

17. When a gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion, its final temperature is: — Lower than the initial temperature

18. When a gas expands adiabatically, its internal energy: — Decreases

19. If a system does work on the surroundings and no heat is exchanged, its internal energy: — Decreases

20. An ideal gas is compressed isothermally. What happens to its internal energy? — Remains the same

21. Which thermodynamic process is characterized by constant volume? — Isochoric

22. Which process involves no change in volume? — Isochoric

23. Which type of process requires the system to be perfectly insulated from its surroundings? — Adiabatic

24. A process in which no heat enters or leaves the system is called: — Adiabatic

25. Which process is represented by the equation P V^γ = constant? — Adiabatic

26. What happens to the temperature of a gas during adiabatic expansion? — It decreases

27. The First Law of Thermodynamics is a statement of the conservation of: — Energy

28. During an adiabatic process, the work done by the gas is given by: — nCv(T1 - T2)

29. What is the work done by an ideal gas during an isothermal expansion from volume V1 to V2 at temperature T? — nRT ln(V2/V1)

30. What is the work done when a gas expands from volume V1 to V2 at constant pressure P? — P(V2 - V1)

31. Work done by a gas during expansion is considered: — Positive

32. If ΔU is positive and ΔW is negative (work done on the system), then ΔQ must be: — Positive

33. For an ideal gas, the internal energy depends only on: — Temperature

34. In an isothermal process, the change in internal energy of an ideal gas is zero because: — Temperature is constant

35. The internal energy of a system is a function of: — Temperature only

36. For an adiabatic process, the relationship between pressure and volume is given by: — PV^γ = constant

37. The equation of state for an adiabatic process for an ideal gas is: — PV^γ = constant

38. The term 'γ' (gamma) in the adiabatic process equation represents the ratio of: — Specific heat at constant pressure to specific heat at constant volume

39. Which of the following is a measure of the internal energy of a system? — Temperature

40. In an isothermal process, the product of pressure and volume (PV) for an ideal gas is: — Constant

41. In an isobaric process, the ______ remains constant. — Pressure

42. In an adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas, the gas: — Cools down

43. During an adiabatic process, there is no exchange of ______ between the system and its surroundings. — Heat

44. If heat is added to a system at constant volume, all the heat energy goes into increasing the: — Internal energy

45. The First Law of Thermodynamics can be written as ΔQ = ΔU + ΔW. Here, ΔW represents: — Work done by the system

46. If heat is supplied to a system and no work is done by the system, then the change in internal energy is equal to: — The heat supplied

47. During an adiabatic process, the ratio of work done to the change in internal energy is: — 1/(γ-1)

48. Which statement is true for an adiabatic process? — ΔQ = 0

49. In the First Law of Thermodynamics, if work is done on the system (W < 0) and heat is released by the system (Q < 0), then ΔU = Q - W becomes: — ΔU = (-Q) - (-W)

50. If a system absorbs heat (Q > 0) and does work (W > 0), its internal energy change (ΔU) is given by: — ΔU = Q - W

Heat, work and internal energy, first law of thermodynamics, isothermal and adiabatic processes - One Line Questions