hydraulic turbines classifications principles centrifugal pumps classifications principles performance - One Line Questions

1. The unit power of a hydraulic turbine is defined as the power developed by the turbine when it operates under a head of: — 1 meter
2. Which parameter is most critical for selecting the type of hydraulic turbine for a given site? — Available head
3. Which classification applies to a turbine where water enters radially and exits radially? — Radial Flow Turbine
4. Which component of a centrifugal pump is responsible for imparting kinetic energy to the fluid? — Impeller
5. Which type of pump is generally preferred for lifting water from a well? — Deep well turbine pump
6. In a Francis turbine, the guide vanes are used to: — Regulate the flow rate and angle of water entering the runner
7. The shut-off head of a centrifugal pump is the head developed when the: — Discharge is zero
8. Which component of a hydraulic turbine regulates the flow of water onto the runner? — Guide Vanes
9. Which characteristic curve of a centrifugal pump plots head against discharge? — Head-discharge curve (H-Q curve)
10. Which type of turbine is characterized by a bucket-shaped runner with deflectors? — Pelton Turbine
11. Which of the following is NOT a type of hydraulic turbine? — Centrifugal Turbine
12. Which type of turbine is most suitable for sites with very high heads and low discharges? — Pelton Turbine
13. In a centrifugal pump, the efficiency is highest when the: — All losses are minimized relative to the energy transferred
14. Which performance parameter indicates how much fluid a pump can deliver per unit of time? — Discharge
15. The power required to drive a centrifugal pump is proportional to: — Head developed and discharge
16. The specific speed of a hydraulic turbine is a dimensionless parameter that relates: — Head, discharge, and rotational speed
17. The specific speed of a centrifugal pump is a parameter that relates: — Head, discharge, and rotational speed
18. Kaplan turbines are best suited for which type of head conditions? — Low head, high discharge
19. A multi-stage centrifugal pump is used to achieve: — Higher head
20. The main advantage of a Kaplan turbine over a Francis turbine for low head applications is its: — Higher efficiency over a wider range of flow
21. Which component of a centrifugal pump allows for the gradual conversion of kinetic energy into pressure energy? — Volute casing
22. Which parameter is used to classify centrifugal pumps based on their operating characteristics? — Specific speed
23. The efficiency of a hydraulic turbine is generally higher for: — Reaction turbines compared to impulse turbines
24. A volute casing in a centrifugal pump is designed to: — Convert kinetic energy into pressure energy gradually
25. Cavitation in hydraulic turbines can lead to: — Erosion of runner material
26. Which factor is crucial for preventing cavitation in a centrifugal pump? — Maintaining the Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) above the required value
27. Which of the following is a common application of Francis turbines? — Medium head hydroelectric power plants
28. Which type of impeller is commonly used in centrifugal pumps for handling liquids with suspended solids? — Open impeller
29. Which classification of hydraulic turbines is characterized by water entering radially and leaving axially? — Francis Turbine
30. Which type of hydraulic turbine is characterized by water entering axially and leaving radially? — Propeller Turbine
31. A centrifugal pump is best described as a: — Rotodynamic machine
32. The head developed by a centrifugal pump is primarily dependent on: — Impeller diameter and rotational speed
33. For a given head, the discharge of a centrifugal pump is primarily controlled by adjusting the: — Pump speed
34. In a Francis turbine, what type of flow is primarily responsible for energy conversion? — Mixed Flow
35. A propeller turbine is essentially a: — Axial flow reaction turbine with fixed blades
36. What is the primary principle behind the operation of a Pelton turbine? — Impulse
37. The term 'runner' in a hydraulic turbine refers to the: — Rotating part that absorbs energy from the water
38. The efficiency of a hydraulic turbine is defined as the ratio of: — Shaft power to water power
39. The phenomenon of water hammer in a pipeline connected to a pump is caused by: — Sudden stoppage of flow
40. What phenomenon occurs when the pressure at the suction side of a centrifugal pump drops below the vapor pressure of the liquid? — Cavitation
41. The best efficiency point (BEP) of a centrifugal pump is the operating point where: — The efficiency is maximum
42. The main difference between a propeller turbine and a Kaplan turbine lies in: — The adjustability of the blades
43. The power developed by a hydraulic turbine is proportional to: — The head and the discharge
44. What is the main function of the casing in a centrifugal pump? — To collect the fluid discharged by the impeller and direct it to the outlet pipe
45. What is the primary function of the casing in a hydraulic turbine? — To guide the water to the runner and discharge it efficiently
46. What is the purpose of priming a centrifugal pump? — To remove air from the suction pipe and casing
47. What is the main purpose of a draft tube in a hydraulic turbine installation? — To recover kinetic energy from the water leaving the runner
48. Surging in a centrifugal pump occurs when the flow rate is: — Very low, near shut-off
49. Which of the following is a characteristic of a reaction turbine? — Water pressure decreases as it passes through the runner
50. The maximum efficiency of a centrifugal pump typically occurs at: — Best efficiency point (BEP)
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