Nature of universe and measurement of physical quantities. - One Line Questions

1. What is the approximate age of the universe according to current cosmological models? — 13.8 billion years
2. The 'Great Attractor' is a gravitational anomaly that influences the motion of galaxies in our local universe, indicating the presence of: — A large concentration of dark matter
3. The 'Large-Scale Structure' of the universe refers to the distribution of galaxies and clusters of galaxies, which appears as: — A web-like structure of filaments and voids
4. What is the SI unit of electric charge? — Coulomb
5. What is the SI unit of electric potential difference? — Volt
6. Which physical quantity has the SI unit of Hertz? — Frequency
7. What is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature? — Kelvin
8. The observation that the universe appears roughly the same from all locations and in all directions is known as the: — Cosmological principle
9. Which of the following is a fundamental property of matter? — Mass
10. Which physical quantity is measured in Pascals? — Pressure
11. Which physical quantity is measured in Joules per second? — Power
12. What is the SI unit of inductance? — Henry
13. The cosmic microwave background radiation is considered strong evidence for which event? — The Big Bang
14. Which fundamental force is responsible for holding the nucleus of an atom together? — Strong nuclear force
15. Which SI prefix represents a factor of 10^3? — Kilo
16. What is the SI unit of power? — Watt
17. Which SI prefix denotes a factor of 10^6? — Mega
18. Which of the following is a unit of length? — Light-year
19. What is the SI unit of luminous intensity? — Candela
20. Which SI prefix represents a factor of 10^12? — Tera
21. Which SI prefix represents a factor of 10^9? — Giga
22. Which of the following is a derived unit? — Joule
23. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental unit in the SI system? — Newton
24. Which SI prefix represents a factor of 10^-9? — Nano
25. The redshift of light from distant galaxies indicates that they are: — Moving away from us
26. Which SI prefix denotes a factor of 10^-12? — Pico
27. Parallax method is used to measure the distance to: —
28. What is the SI unit of capacitance? — Farad
29. The 'Flatness Problem' in cosmology suggests that the universe's geometry is surprisingly close to: — Flat (Euclidean)
30. The 'Penzias and Wilson' experiment famously detected: — Cosmic Microwave Background radiation
31. What is the SI unit of frequency? — Hertz
32. What is the SI unit of solid angle? — Steradian
33. The expansion of the universe is primarily evidenced by which phenomenon? — Redshift of distant galaxies
34. What is the SI unit of electric resistance? — Ohm
35. The 'Hubble Constant' relates to the rate of: — The expansion of the universe
36. Which theory proposes that the universe originated from an extremely hot and dense state? — Big Bang theory
37. The observed abundance of light elements like Hydrogen and Helium in the universe is a key prediction of: — The Big Bang nucleosynthesis
38. What is the SI unit of magnetic flux? — Weber
39. The concept of 'Inflation' in early universe cosmology was proposed to solve which problem? — The horizon and flatness problems
40. The 'Horizon Problem' in cosmology refers to the unexpected uniformity of: — The temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background
41. The concept of 'cosmological redshift' is a consequence of: — The expansion of spacetime itself
42. The 'Cosmological Constant', introduced by Einstein and later revived, is related to: — The rate of expansion of the universe
43. The 'Cosmic Microwave Background' radiation is a remnant of which era in the universe's history? — The recombination era
44. The 'Age Crisis' in cosmology in the late 20th century was related to discrepancies between the estimated age of the universe and the age of: — The oldest stars
45. The concept of 'dark energy' is invoked to explain which observation about the universe? — The accelerating expansion of the universe
46. What is the SI unit of pressure? — Pascal
47. Which of the following is a dimensionless quantity? — Refractive index
48. The SI unit of electric current is: — Ampere
49. What is the SI unit of force? — Newton
50. What is the SI unit of energy? — Joule
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