NEET UG - Respiration - glycolysis Krebs cycle electron transport chain oxidative phosphorylation One Line Questions & Answers

1. How many molecules of CO2 are released per turn of the Krebs cycle? — 3

2. What is the net gain of ATP molecules from one molecule of glucose during glycolysis? — 2 ATP

3. The net equation for glycolysis shows that glucose is broken down into: — 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH

4. The complete aerobic respiration of one glucose molecule yields approximately how many ATP molecules? — 30-32

5. The energy released from NADH oxidation in Complex I of the ETC is sufficient to pump how many protons? — 4 protons

6. During the oxidation of one molecule of NADH in the ETC, approximately how many protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane? — 4-6

7. What are the end products of glycolysis? — Pyruvate, ATP, and NADH

8. Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid in which process? — Lactic acid fermentation

9. Which of the following is a key regulatory enzyme in glycolysis? — Phosphofructokinase-1

10. Which complex in the ETC pumps protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space? — Complex III and IV

11. Which complex in the ETC directly receives electrons from FADH2? — Complex II

12. The enzyme ATP synthase is also known as: — Complex V

13. Where does the Krebs cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) take place in eukaryotic cells? — Mitochondrial matrix

14. Where is the Electron Transport Chain located in eukaryotic cells? — Inner mitochondrial membrane

15. The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and occurs in the: — Mitochondrial matrix

16. What is the term for the movement of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane through ATP synthase? — Chemiosmosis

17. Which is the first step in the breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration? — Glycolysis

18. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate is decarboxylated to form: — Ethanol and CO2

19. The inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to protons, which is essential for: — Allowing the buildup of a proton gradient for ATP synthesis

20. The regeneration of oxaloacetate in the Krebs cycle is crucial for: — Continuously accepting acetyl-CoA

21. Which of the following intermediates is part of both glycolysis and the Calvin cycle? — Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

22. Which step in respiration involves the conversion of citrate to isocitrate? — Krebs cycle

23. The process of oxidative phosphorylation involves both: — Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis

24. Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during which stage(s) of cellular respiration? — Glycolysis and Krebs cycle only

25. Which of the following statements about the ATP yield from cellular respiration is true? — Oxidative phosphorylation generates the majority of ATP.

26. Which enzyme catalyzes the committed step in glycolysis? — Phosphofructokinase-1

27. Which enzyme catalyzes the formation of ATP from ADP and Pi using the energy from a proton gradient? — ATP synthase

28. Which of the following is a characteristic of anaerobic respiration compared to aerobic respiration? — Lower ATP yield per glucose molecule

29. Which enzyme in the Krebs cycle is responsible for the substrate-level phosphorylation of GDP to GTP? — Succinyl-CoA synthetase

30. The Krebs cycle begins with the condensation of acetyl-CoA with which molecule? — Oxaloacetate

31. In which part of the cell does glycolysis occur? — Cytoplasm

32. Which electron carrier is produced in the Krebs cycle and subsequently used in the Electron Transport Chain? — NAD+

33. Oxidative phosphorylation directly produces: — ATP

34. In prokaryotes, where does the Electron Transport Chain and oxidative phosphorylation occur? — Plasma membrane

35. Which pathway generates ATP without the involvement of the electron transport chain? — Substrate-level phosphorylation

36. What is the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport Chain? — Oxygen

37. Which molecule links glycolysis to the Krebs cycle? — Acetyl-CoA

38. Which of the following is a direct product of the Krebs cycle, besides CO2 and ATP? — NADH and FADH2

39. The energy released during the electron transport chain is used to: — Create a proton gradient

40. The process by which electrons are passed along a series of protein complexes in the ETC is called: — Oxidative phosphorylation

41. The primary role of the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) is to: — Generate ATP by oxidizing NADH and FADH2

42. The 'chemiosmotic hypothesis' explains how ATP is synthesized via: — The coupling of proton gradient energy to ATP synthase activity

43. The 'proton motive force' refers to: — The concentration gradient of protons and the electrical potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane

44. What happens to the oxygen atoms at the end of the electron transport chain? — They accept electrons and protons to form water

45. What is the primary function of the Krebs cycle in the context of cellular respiration? — To oxidize acetyl-CoA, producing NADH, FADH2, and CO2

46. What is the primary role of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration? — To carry electrons to the electron transport chain

47. Which of the following is NOT a component of the Electron Transport Chain? — Citrate synthase

48. Which molecule is responsible for coupling the proton gradient to ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation? — ATP synthase

49. In the overall process of aerobic respiration, the carbon atoms from glucose end up as: — Carbon dioxide

Respiration - glycolysis Krebs cycle electron transport chain oxidative phosphorylation - One Line Questions