Respiration - glycolysis Krebs cycle electron transport chain oxidative phosphorylation - Question Bank
1. Which enzyme catalyzes the formation of ATP from ADP and Pi using the energy from a proton gradient?
2. In the overall process of aerobic respiration, the carbon atoms from glucose end up as:
3. The 'chemiosmotic hypothesis' explains how ATP is synthesized via:
4. Which pathway generates ATP without the involvement of the electron transport chain?
5. The inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to protons, which is essential for:
6. Which of the following is a characteristic of anaerobic respiration compared to aerobic respiration?
7. What is the primary function of the Krebs cycle in the context of cellular respiration?
8. The energy released from NADH oxidation in Complex I of the ETC is sufficient to pump how many protons?
9. Which of the following intermediates is part of both glycolysis and the Calvin cycle?
10. The complete aerobic respiration of one glucose molecule yields approximately how many ATP molecules?
11. Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during which stage(s) of cellular respiration?
12. What happens to the oxygen atoms at the end of the electron transport chain?
13. The process of oxidative phosphorylation involves both:
14. Which complex in the ETC directly receives electrons from FADH2?
15. The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and occurs in the:
16. Which of the following is a key regulatory enzyme in glycolysis?
17. The net equation for glycolysis shows that glucose is broken down into:
18. During the oxidation of one molecule of NADH in the ETC, approximately how many protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
19. The enzyme ATP synthase is also known as:
20. Which step in respiration involves the conversion of citrate to isocitrate?
21. In prokaryotes, where does the Electron Transport Chain and oxidative phosphorylation occur?
22. What is the primary role of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?
23. Which of the following statements about the ATP yield from cellular respiration is true?
24. The 'proton motive force' refers to:
25. Which molecule is responsible for coupling the proton gradient to ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation?
26. The energy released during the electron transport chain is used to:
27. Oxidative phosphorylation directly produces:
28. What is the term for the movement of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane through ATP synthase?
29. Which complex in the ETC pumps protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space?
30. The process by which electrons are passed along a series of protein complexes in the ETC is called:
31. What is the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport Chain?
32. Which of the following is NOT a component of the Electron Transport Chain?
33. Where is the Electron Transport Chain located in eukaryotic cells?
34. The primary role of the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) is to:
35. Which electron carrier is produced in the Krebs cycle and subsequently used in the Electron Transport Chain?
36. The regeneration of oxaloacetate in the Krebs cycle is crucial for:
37. Which enzyme in the Krebs cycle is responsible for the substrate-level phosphorylation of GDP to GTP?
38. How many molecules of CO2 are released per turn of the Krebs cycle?
39. Which of the following is a direct product of the Krebs cycle, besides CO2 and ATP?
40. The Krebs cycle begins with the condensation of acetyl-CoA with which molecule?
41. Where does the Krebs cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) take place in eukaryotic cells?
42. Which molecule links glycolysis to the Krebs cycle?
43. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate is decarboxylated to form:
44. Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid in which process?
45. What are the end products of glycolysis?
46. Which enzyme catalyzes the committed step in glycolysis?
47. What is the net gain of ATP molecules from one molecule of glucose during glycolysis?
48. In which part of the cell does glycolysis occur?
49. Which is the first step in the breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration?