Land forms due to water action, wind action, wave action, glacial action - continental drift, plate tectonics - normal cycle of erosion, Davis and Penck concepts - Question Bank
1. The formation of the Himalayas is a classic example of which type of plate boundary interaction?
2. What is a 'hanging valley'?
3. Which process refers to the movement of weathered material downslope under gravity's influence?
4. A large-scale down-dropped block of land bounded by faults is known as a:
5. What is the primary difference between Davis's and Penck's concepts of erosion cycles?
6. Which landform is created by the freeze-thaw action and subsequent removal of weathered material?
7. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the Earth's lithosphere is divided into:
8. What is a 'sea arch'?
9. Which concept describes the gradual wearing down of landmasses over geological time?
10. The process of 'plucking' or 'exudation' is a key mechanism in which type of erosion?
11. What is a 'yardang'?
12. The 'youth' stage in Davis's cycle of erosion is typically characterized by:
13. Which of the following is a landform associated with volcanic action, not directly with water, wind, wave, or glacial action?
14. An 'alluvial fan' is a depositional landform created by:
15. What is the term for the process where wind removes loose particles from the surface?
16. Which of the following is a direct consequence of seafloor spreading?
17. What is a 'cirque' in glacial geomorphology?
18. The concept of 'slope retreat' is central to which scientist's model of erosion?
19. Which of the following is a landform created by deposition from waves and currents along a coast?
20. What is a 'fjord'?
21. The 'maturity' stage in Davis's cycle of erosion is characterized by:
22. What is an 'abrasion' in the context of erosion?
23. Which plate boundary is associated with the formation of a subduction zone?
24. What is the term for the process by which a river erodes downwards into its bed?
25. According to Penck's theory of morphological analysis, what is 'End-moraine'?
26. Which glacial landform is a crescent-shaped hill formed by a terminal moraine deposited at the edge of a glacier?
27. What is a 'sea stack'?
28. Which type of erosion is responsible for creating features like loess deposits?
29. What landform is created when the outer bend of a meander is eroded, and the river cuts through the narrow neck of land, leaving a curved lake?
30. What is a 'meander' in the context of river landforms?
31. Which stage of Davis's cycle of erosion is characterized by rapid downcutting by rivers and the development of V-shaped valleys?
32. The concept of 'isostasy' relates to:
33. What geological feature is formed when two continental plates collide, resulting in extensive folding and faulting of the crust?
34. The theory of Continental Drift was first proposed by which scientist?
35. Which glacial landform is a large, smooth, elongated hill formed by glacial ice acting on underlying unconsolidated till or ground moraine?
36. A steep, cliff-like face of rock, often formed by wave erosion undercutting a coastline, is known as a:
37. What is the term for a coastal landform created by the action of waves, consisting of a ridge of sand or pebbles parallel to the coast?
38. Which landform is created by the deposition of sand by wind, often forming large mounds or ridges?
39. What is a 'peneplain' in the context of the normal cycle of erosion?
40. W.M. Davis proposed a cycle of erosion that emphasizes the role of:
41. According to the normal cycle of erosion, which stage is characterized by a relatively flat landscape with widely spaced, gentle hills?
42. What is the primary force driving the movement of tectonic plates?
43. The movement of Earth's lithospheric plates is explained by which theory?
44. Which theory proposes that the Earth's continents were once joined together in a single landmass called Pangaea?
45. A long, narrow ridge of gravel and sand deposited by a retreating glacier is called:
46. What type of landform is a U-shaped valley typically associated with?
47. Which process describes the gradual wearing away of land by wind, water, or ice?
48. What is the term for a deep, narrow valley with steep sides, typically carved by a river?
49. Which landform is primarily created by the deposition of sediment at the mouth of a river?