Natural calamities and disaster management. - Question Bank

1. What is the primary purpose of a 'disaster management cycle'?
A) To solely focus on post-disaster recovery
B) To outline a continuous process of mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery
C) To predict the exact timing of natural calamities
D) To assign blame for disaster damages
2. The 'Integrated Coastal and Marine Area Management' (ICMAM) project addresses vulnerabilities related to:
A) Earthquakes
B) Volcanic eruptions
C) Cyclones and sea-level rise
D) Droughts
3. Which of the following is a major challenge in disaster management in India?
A) Over-reliance on international aid
B) Lack of coordination between agencies
C) Insufficient funding for preparedness
D) Limited geographical area prone to disasters
4. The 'Kyoto Protocol' is an international treaty related to:
A) Earthquake preparedness
B) Tsunami warning systems
C) Climate change and greenhouse gas emissions
D) Flood management
5. Which natural calamity can cause widespread soil erosion and degradation?
A) Earthquakes
B) Droughts
C) Floods
D) Tsunamis
6. The 'National Disaster Relief Fund' (NDRF) is maintained by which body?
A) State governments
B) Ministry of Finance
C) Ministry of Home Affairs
D) United Nations
7. What is the most effective method of immediate relief during a severe drought?
A) Building new dams
B) Providing emergency water and food supplies
C) Implementing crop insurance schemes
D) Promoting cloud seeding
8. The 'Sardar Sarovar Dam' project has been a subject of debate regarding its impact on:
A) Cyclone intensity
B) Drought conditions
C) Flood control and displacement
D) Landslide occurrence
9. Which region of India is known for seismic activity due to its location on a fault line?
A) The Gangetic Plains
B) The Western Ghats
C) The Himalayan region
D) The Vindhya Range
10. The 'National Policy on Disaster Management' (NPDM) emphasizes:
A) Reactive response to disasters
B) Proactive and holistic approach to disaster management
C) Focus on international aid only
D) Limited role for local communities
11. Which of the following is a common hazard associated with volcanic activity?
A) Tsunamis
B) Earthquakes
C) Pyroclastic flows
D) Droughts
12. What is the primary goal of 'disaster relief'?
A) To rebuild damaged infrastructure
B) To provide immediate assistance to affected populations
C) To implement long-term mitigation strategies
D) To conduct post-disaster analysis
13. The 'India Meteorological Department' (IMD) plays a crucial role in:
A) Earthquake prediction
B) Tsunami warning
C) Cyclone forecasting and tracking
D) Landslide monitoring
14. Which of the following is a natural cause of floods?
A) Deforestation
B) Urbanization
C) Heavy monsoon rainfall
D) Dam failure
15. The 'Cyclone Prone Areas' in India are primarily located along:
A) The Indo-Gangetic Plain
B) The Deccan Plateau
C) The eastern and western coastlines
D) The Thar Desert
16. Which of the following is a 'vulnerability' factor for earthquakes?
A) Building code compliance
B) Population density in seismic zones
C) Early warning systems
D) Public awareness campaigns
17. The 'National Disaster Response Force' (NDRF) is a specialized force for:
A) Managing forest fires
B) Responding to natural and man-made disasters
C) Conducting counter-terrorism operations
D) Patrolling international borders
18. Which of the following is a long-term strategy for drought mitigation?
A) Immediate water rationing
B) Drought-resistant agriculture and water conservation
C) Emergency food distribution
D) Evacuation of rural populations
19. The primary role of the 'District Disaster Management Authority' (DDMA) is to:
A) Formulate national disaster policies
B) Coordinate disaster management efforts at the district level
C) Provide international aid during disasters
D) Conduct research on seismic activity
20. Which Indian state has the highest risk of landslides due to its hilly terrain and heavy rainfall?
A) Tamil Nadu
B) Maharashtra
C) Uttarakhand
D) Gujarat
21. The 'Sismograph' is an instrument used to detect and record:
A) Wind speed
B) Seismic waves
C) Ocean currents
D) Rainfall intensity
22. Which of the following is NOT a type of flood?
A) Flash flood
B) Coastal flood
C) Glacial flood
D) Dust storm flood
23. The Richter scale is used to measure the magnitude of:
A) Cyclones
B) Floods
C) Earthquakes
D) Droughts
24. Which of the following is a key component of disaster preparedness?
A) Post-disaster assessment
B) Community awareness and training
C) Rehabilitation of victims
D) Insurance claims processing
25. The 'Drought Management Authority' in India is primarily concerned with addressing issues related to:
A) Cyclonic storms
B) Excessive rainfall
C) Water scarcity and crop failure
D) Earthquake preparedness
26. Which of the following is a 'recovery' measure after a disaster?
A) Developing evacuation routes
B) Conducting mock drills
C) Reconstruction of damaged infrastructure
D) Establishing early warning systems
27. The 'National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project' (NCRMP) aims to reduce the vulnerability of coastal communities to:
A) Landslides
B) Droughts
C) Floods
D) Cyclones
28. Which geographical factor makes the northeastern part of India prone to earthquakes?
A) Proximity to the equator
B) Collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates
C) Presence of active volcanoes
D) High concentration of underground rivers
29. The 'Indian Ocean Tsunami' of 2004 caused widespread devastation in India, particularly affecting which coast?
A) West Bengal Coast
B) Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu Coasts
C) Kerala Coast
D) Maharashtra Coast
30. Which of the following is a primary 'response' activity during a flood?
A) Building flood barriers
B) Relocating populations from vulnerable areas
C) Conducting search and rescue operations
D) Developing drought-resistant crops
31. The 'Bhopal gas tragedy' of 1984, though an industrial disaster, highlighted the need for robust disaster management frameworks for:
A) Natural calamities only
B) Man-made and industrial disasters
C) Epidemics and pandemics
D) Nuclear accidents
32. Which of the following is a 'mitigation' measure for natural calamities?
A) Evacuation of people from affected areas
B) Providing immediate relief and aid
C) Constructing earthquake-resistant buildings
D) Setting up temporary shelters
33. The 'National Institute of Disaster Management' (NIDM) is the premier institute for training and capacity building in disaster management in India. Under which Ministry does it function?
A) Ministry of Home Affairs
B) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
C) Ministry of Science and Technology
D) Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
34. Which type of soil is most susceptible to liquefaction during an earthquake?
A) Hard rock
B) Gravel
C) Saturated sandy soil
D) Clay
35. The 'State Disaster Management Authorities' (SDMAs) are responsible for disaster management at which level?
A) National
B) District
C) State
D) Local
36. Which of the following is a characteristic of a drought-prone region?
A) High annual rainfall
B) Low and erratic rainfall
C) Frequent flooding
D) Dense forest cover
37. The 'Early Warning System' for tsunamis relies on detecting which geophysical phenomenon?
A) Atmospheric pressure changes
B) Oceanic temperature fluctuations
C) Seismic activity (underwater earthquakes)
D) Changes in sea level due to tides
38. What is the main objective of a 'Disaster Management Plan'?
A) To solely focus on post-disaster relief
B) To minimize the impact of disasters and enhance preparedness, response, and recovery
C) To predict future natural calamities with absolute certainty
D) To implement stringent building codes only after a disaster strikes
39. The 'Phailin' cyclone that hit India in 2013 was one of the strongest to make landfall on the Indian coast. Which coast was affected?
A) Konkan Coast
B) Malabar Coast
C) Coromandel Coast
D) Gujarat Coast
40. Which of the following is a primary measure for flood control?
A) Afforestation in arid regions
B) Construction of dams and levees
C) Promoting desertification
D) Increasing groundwater extraction
41. The 'Do's and Don'ts' for earthquake preparedness are often disseminated by which agency?
A) Ministry of Rural Development
B) National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
C) Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
D) Ministry of Education
42. Which river system in India is notorious for recurrent floods, especially in Bihar?
A) Godavari
B) Krishna
C) Kosi
D) Narmada
43. The 'Operation Flood' was primarily a disaster management initiative for which type of calamity?
A) Drought
B) Flood
C) Cyclone
D) Earthquake
44. Which Indian state is most frequently affected by droughts?
A) Assam
B) Rajasthan
C) Kerala
D) Jammu and Kashmir
45. The Latur earthquake of 1993 in Maharashtra was an example of which type of seismic event?
A) Interplate earthquake
B) Intraplate earthquake
C) Tectonic earthquake
D) Volcanic earthquake
46. Which of the following is NOT a type of natural disaster?
A) Earthquake
B) Drought
C) Industrial accident
D) Flood
47. The 'Tsunami Warning System' in India is primarily operated by which organization?
A) Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
B) National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF)
C) Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)
D) Geological Survey of India (GSI)
48. Which part of India is most prone to cyclones?
A) Western Ghats
B) Thar Desert
C) Coastal regions of the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea
D) Central Indian plains
49. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in India was established under which Act?
A) The Environment Protection Act, 1986
B) The Disaster Management Act, 2005
C) The National Water Policy, 2002
D) The Forest Conservation Act, 1980
50. Which of the following is the most common cause of landslides in the Himalayan region?
A) Volcanic activity
B) Heavy rainfall and seismic activity
C) Deforestation and human encroachment
D) Glacial melting
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