Plant pathology - plant diseases due to fungi, bacteria and viruses, host–microbe interaction, principles of disease control - physical, chemical and biological methods - Question Bank
1. The study of plant diseases, their causes, development, and control is known as:
2. Which virus causes the 'leaf roll' disease in potato, leading to upward rolling of leaves and stunted growth?
3. The use of heat to kill pathogens in soil or planting material is a form of:
4. Which of the following is a symptom of a vascular wilt disease?
5. The term 'damping-off' refers to the sudden collapse and death of young seedlings, often caused by soil-borne pathogens like:
6. Which bacterial disease affects beans, causing water-soaked lesions on pods and leaves, often with bacterial ooze?
7. A plant disease that is consistently present at low levels in a particular geographic area is described as:
8. The use of genetically modified crops with enhanced resistance is an example of:
9. Which of the following is a common vector for plant viruses?
10. Alternaria solani causes early blight in tomato and potato, characterized by target-spot lesions on leaves. This pathogen belongs to which group?
11. Which fungus causes the 'take-all' disease of cereals, affecting roots and stems, leading to stunted growth and whiteheads?
12. The term 'inoculum' refers to:
13. Which of the following is a cultural practice for managing plant diseases?
14. The process by which a plant recognizes and responds to a pathogen attack is part of:
15. Which bacterium causes black rot of crucifers, characterized by V-shaped lesions on leaf margins and vascular discoloration?
16. Aphanomyces euteiches is a notorious soil-borne oomycete that causes root rot in which group of crops?
17. Which of the following is a method of sanitation for disease control?
18. The yellow sticky traps used in fields are primarily for monitoring and controlling populations of:
19. Which disease of wheat, caused by *Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici*, is characterized by long, linear pustules on leaves and stems, often appearing reddish-brown?
20. The term 'virulence' in plant pathology refers to:
21. Ring spot symptoms, often appearing as concentric rings on leaves or fruits, can be caused by various pathogens. Which pathogen is known to cause ring spot on Brassicas?
22. Which of the following fungi is a common cause of root rot and damping-off in seedlings?
23. The use of genetically resistant plant varieties is a form of:
24. Which disease of cucurbits is caused by *Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans* and manifests as small, angular, water-soaked spots on leaves that dry out and fall, creating a 'shot-hole' effect?
25. The process by which a pathogen penetrates the host plant is called:
26. Mosaic symptoms, characterized by irregular patches of light and dark green or yellow on leaves, are most commonly associated with which type of pathogen?
27. Which of the following is a method of seed treatment to control seed-borne diseases?
28. The movement of a pathogen or its spores from the source of infection to a new host plant is called:
29. Blackleg of potato, a disease characterized by wilting and blackening of the stem base, is caused by which bacterium?
30. Anthracnose diseases, often causing sunken lesions on leaves, stems, and fruits, are typically caused by fungi belonging to which group?
31. Biological control of plant diseases involves the use of:
32. The ability of a pathogen to cause disease is termed:
33. Which virus causes leaf curl disease in tomato plants, leading to severely distorted and stunted growth?
34. Citrus greening, a destructive disease, is caused by a bacterium that lives and multiplies in the plant's phloem. What is the scientific name of this bacterium?
35. Smut diseases, characterized by the formation of black, powdery spore masses, are caused by fungi belonging to which order?
36. A chemical method for controlling plant diseases involves the use of:
37. The process by which a pathogen establishes itself in a host plant and causes disease is called:
38. Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of viral infection in plants?
39. Erwinia amylovora is the causal agent of which serious plant disease affecting pome fruits like apples and pears?
40. Late blight of potato, a devastating disease, is caused by an oomycete. What is its scientific name?
41. Crop rotation is a disease control strategy that primarily aims to reduce the buildup of which type of pathogen in the soil?
42. Which term describes the ability of a plant to resist infection by a pathogen?
43. The characteristic 'shoestring' appearance of infected plant parts, often seen in diseases like Dutch elm disease, is a symptom of vascular wilt caused by a fungus. Which fungus is primarily associated with Dutch elm disease?
44. Crown gall disease in plants, characterized by tumor-like growths, is caused by which bacterium?
45. Rust diseases in plants are typically caused by fungi belonging to which class?
46. Which of the following is a physical method of plant disease control?
47. The interaction between a plant and a pathogen where the pathogen benefits and the plant is harmed is known as:
48. Which virus is responsible for the mosaic symptoms observed in tobacco plants, leading to significant crop loss?
49. Bacterial blight of rice, caused by *Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae*, primarily affects which part of the plant?
50. Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of powdery mildew on plants?