Social problems population education health employment and poverty alleviation measures. - Question Bank

1. The 'National Rural Health Mission' (NRHM), now part of NHM, primarily focused on:
A) Improving healthcare in urban slums.
B) Strengthening primary healthcare in rural areas and reducing maternal and child mortality.
C) Promoting private hospitals.
D) Providing tertiary care services.
2. Which Indian state has been a leader in implementing effective family planning programs, leading to a lower Total Fertility Rate (TFR)?
A) Rajasthan
B) Uttar Pradesh
C) Kerala
D) Assam
3. The concept of 'sustainable development' is closely linked to population management because:
A) Higher population leads to more resource depletion.
B) Lower population leads to economic stagnation.
C) Population growth is irrelevant to resource availability.
D) Sustainable development requires uncontrolled population growth.
4. Which of the following is a social problem associated with unemployment?
A) Increased social mobility.
B) Reduced crime rates.
C) Social unrest and economic distress.
D) Improved mental health.
5. What is the primary aim of the 'Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana' (RSBY)?
A) To provide free higher education.
B) To provide health insurance to unorganized sector workers.
C) To create employment opportunities.
D) To subsidize food grains.
6. The 'National Population Policy' of India aims to achieve:
A) Rapid population growth.
B) Stabilization of population by 2045 with a view to promote sustainable development.
C) A significant decrease in the working-age population.
D) Encouraging large families.
7. Which of the following is a major challenge in implementing poverty alleviation programs effectively?
A) Over-budgeting of funds.
B) Corruption and leakages in the system.
C) Lack of target beneficiaries.
D) Excessive government support.
8. The decline in the Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) in some parts of India is primarily due to:
A) Natural population fluctuations.
B) Preference for male children and sex-selective abortions.
C) Improved healthcare for female infants.
D) Higher literacy rates among women.
9. Which government initiative provides financial support for starting small businesses and micro-enterprises?
A) MGNREGA
B) PM-KISAN
C) Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)
D) Jan Dhan Yojana
10. What does 'health education' aim to achieve?
A) To discourage healthy practices.
B) To impart knowledge and skills for maintaining good health.
C) To promote unhealthy lifestyles.
D) To increase reliance on traditional medicine only.
11. The 'National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme' (NREGS) was renamed as:
A) National Urban Employment Guarantee Scheme
B) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)
C) National Rural Livelihoods Mission
D) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
12. Which of the following is a primary health concern related to air pollution in urban areas?
A) Malaria
B) Respiratory diseases
C) Typhoid
D) Dengue
13. The 'Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana' (PMAGY) aims to:
A) Develop model villages with improved infrastructure and amenities.
B) Provide financial aid to urban industries.
C) Promote tourism in metropolitan cities.
D) Expand national highways.
14. Which of the following is a significant challenge in India's employment sector?
A) Surplus of skilled labor.
B) High rates of underemployment and informal employment.
C) Lack of demand for labor.
D) Guaranteed employment for all.
15. What is 'Infant Mortality Rate' (IMR)?
A) The number of deaths of children under 1 year of age per 1000 live births.
B) The number of deaths of children under 5 years of age.
C) The birth rate of infants.
D) The rate of child marriages.
16. The 'National Health Policy' of India emphasizes:
A) Solely curative healthcare.
B) Shift towards preventive and promotive healthcare.
C) Reducing government expenditure on health.
D) Promoting only private healthcare providers.
17. Which of the following is a key component of 'Poverty Alleviation' strategies?
A) Increasing taxes on the poor.
B) Providing social safety nets and opportunities for economic upliftment.
C) Reducing government spending on welfare programs.
D) Discouraging education.
18. What is the primary goal of 'Population Control' measures?
A) To increase the birth rate.
B) To stabilize population growth to match available resources and improve quality of life.
C) To encourage large family sizes.
D) To reduce the number of women in the workforce.
19. The 'Swachh Bharat Abhiyan' aims to:
A) Promote only rural sanitation.
B) Achieve universal sanitation coverage and improve solid waste management.
C) Increase industrial production.
D) Provide financial aid to businesses.
20. Which factor significantly contributes to the high burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in India?
A) High levels of physical activity.
B) Healthy dietary habits.
C) Changing lifestyles, including poor diet and lack of exercise.
D) Universal access to quality healthcare.
21. The 'National Rural Livelihoods Mission' (NRLM) focuses on:
A) Providing only government jobs.
B) Empowering rural poor women through self-help groups (SHGs).
C) Developing urban infrastructure.
D) Promoting tourism.
22. Which government program aims to provide financial assistance to the elderly, disabled, and widows?
A) PM-JDY
B) PM-KISAN
C) National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP)
D) PM-SVANidhi
23. What does 'reproductive health' encompass?
A) Only family planning methods.
B) The physical, mental, and social well-being in all matters relating to the reproductive system.
C) The number of children a couple can have.
D) Only safe delivery practices.
24. The 'Ayushman Bharat' scheme aims to achieve Universal Health Coverage through:
A) Providing free medicines only.
B) Establishing Health and Wellness Centres and providing health insurance.
C) Focusing only on preventive healthcare.
D) Encouraging medical tourism.
25. Which of the following is a social problem often exacerbated by poverty?
A) Increased access to education.
B) Improved health outcomes.
C) Child labor and exploitation.
D) Reduced crime rates.
26. The 'Integrated Child Development Services' (ICDS) scheme provides a package of services including:
A) Higher education and job placement.
B) Nutrition, health check-ups, immunization, and pre-school education.
C) Adult literacy and vocational training.
D) Financial aid for starting businesses.
27. Which of the following is a consequence of rapid urbanization?
A) Improved living conditions for all.
B) Increased pressure on infrastructure and resources.
C) Reduced crime rates.
D) Decreased pollution levels.
28. What is the term for the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas?
A) Industrialization
B) Urbanization
C) Globalization
D) Migration
29. The 'National Food Security Act' (NFSA) aims to provide:
A) Employment opportunities for all.
B) Subsidized food grains to a large portion of the population.
C) Free education.
D) Healthcare services.
30. Which disease is targeted by the 'Pulse Polio Programme' in India?
A) Measles
B) Diphtheria
C) Poliomyelitis
D) Tetanus
31. In the context of Tamil Nadu, which policy has been instrumental in controlling population growth?
A) Promotion of large families.
B) Aggressive family planning and welfare programs.
C) Discouraging education for women.
D) Restricting access to healthcare.
32. The 'Multidimensional Poverty Index' (MPI) considers which of the following dimensions?
A) Only income levels.
B) Health, education, and standard of living.
C) Employment status and job security.
D) Access to technology and internet.
33. Which government initiative focuses on skill development and employability of youth?
A) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
B) Skill India Mission
C) Digital India Programme
D) Make in India
34. The 'Midday Meal Scheme' in schools primarily aims to:
A) Reduce teacher absenteeism.
B) Improve the nutritional status of children and increase school enrollment.
C) Provide vocational training.
D) Encourage competition among students.
35. Which of the following is a major cause of high maternal mortality in India?
A) Access to advanced medical technology.
B) Adequate prenatal and postnatal care.
C) Lack of access to skilled birth attendants and emergency obstetric care.
D) High literacy rates among women.
36. What is the primary focus of the 'Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan' (SSA)?
A) Higher education for all.
B) Universal elementary education.
C) Vocational training for adults.
D) Adult literacy programs.
37. The concept of 'demographic dividend' refers to:
A) The negative impact of a growing population.
B) The economic benefit that can arise from a large working-age population.
C) The decline in the birth rate.
D) The increase in the elderly population.
38. Which of the following is a non-governmental organization (NGO) actively involved in poverty alleviation in India?
A) ISRO
B) NITI Aayog
C) Pratham
D) RBI
39. The 'Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram' (JSSK) aims to provide:
A) Free and cashless delivery and other services for pregnant women and newborns.
B) Financial aid for higher education.
C) Employment opportunities for rural youth.
D) Subsidies for agricultural inputs.
40. Which constitutional amendment in India made the right to education a fundamental right for children aged 6-14?
A) 44th Amendment Act
B) 86th Amendment Act
C) 97th Amendment Act
D) 101st Amendment Act
41. The 'Poverty Alleviation' measures aim to:
A) Increase the gap between the rich and the poor.
B) Reduce poverty and improve the living standards of the poor.
C) Maintain the status quo of economic inequality.
D) Discourage economic growth.
42. Which of the following is a key indicator of poverty?
A) High literacy rate
B) Low infant mortality rate
C) Lack of access to basic necessities like food, shelter, and healthcare
D) High per capita income
43. The 'Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act' (MGNREGA) guarantees:
A) A job for every educated person.
B) A minimum of 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every rural household.
C) Financial assistance for starting businesses.
D) Free higher education.
44. What is the primary focus of 'Employment Generation' programs in India?
A) To increase the number of unemployed individuals.
B) To create opportunities for self-employment and wage employment.
C) To discourage skill development.
D) To promote only government jobs.
45. Which government scheme in India aims to provide health insurance coverage to vulnerable families?
A) MGNREGA
B) PM-KISAN
C) Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY)
D) Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
46. The 'National Health Mission' (NHM) was launched in India with the aim of:
A) Promoting only private healthcare.
B) Providing access to affordable and quality healthcare, especially in rural areas.
C) Focusing exclusively on urban health issues.
D) Reducing the number of doctors in public service.
47. Which of the following is a major health problem in India, often linked to poor sanitation and water quality?
A) Malaria
B) Tuberculosis
C) Diarrheal diseases
D) Diabetes
48. The 'Total Fertility Rate' (TFR) refers to:
A) The average number of children a woman has in her lifetime.
B) The number of births per 1000 population.
C) The death rate among infants.
D) The proportion of women of reproductive age.
49. Which Indian state has historically had the highest population density?
A) Uttar Pradesh
B) Maharashtra
C) West Bengal
D) Bihar
50. What is the main objective of 'Population Education'?
A) To promote large family norms.
B) To create awareness about population issues and their consequences.
C) To discourage family planning methods.
D) To focus solely on controlling female births.
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