Biomolecules and Polymers - One Line Questions

1. Which component is NOT part of a nucleotide? — A fatty acid
2. A substance that binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity is called a(n): — Inhibitor
3. Which nitrogenous base is found in DNA but not in RNA? — Thymine
4. Which base pairing is correct in DNA? — Adenine with Thymine, Guanine with Cytosine
5. Fats and oils are typically composed of glycerol and: — Fatty acids
6. Nucleic acids are polymers composed of monomers called: — Nucleotides
7. The sequence of nucleotides in a gene determines the sequence of: — Amino acids in a protein
8. What is the main structural component of plant cell walls? — Cellulose
9. The process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones is called: — Catabolism
10. Enzymes are primarily which type of biomolecule? — Proteins
11. Which biomolecule class includes hormones like estrogen and testosterone? — Lipids (Steroids)
12. Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for structural purposes in fungi and arthropods? — Chitin
13. A molecule that is a polymer of glucose, used for energy storage in animals, is: — Glycogen
14. The 'fluid mosaic model' describes the structure of: — Cell membranes
15. RNA (Ribonucleic acid) typically exists as a: — Single strand
16. What is the primary role of nucleic acids in cells? — Hereditary information storage and transfer
17. What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms? — Energy storage and structural components
18. Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins? — Genetic material storage
19. What is the basic repeating unit of polyethylene, a common synthetic polymer? — Ethylene
20. Water-soluble vitamins are also known as: — B vitamins and Vitamin C
21. Which of the following is a disaccharide? — Sucrose
22. Which polysaccharide serves as the primary energy storage molecule in plants? — Starch
23. What type of bond connects amino acids in a protein chain? — Peptide bond
24. The process of joining monomers to form a polymer is typically achieved through: — Dehydration synthesis (condensation)
25. Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential in small quantities for normal metabolism. They are classified as: — Micronutrients
26. A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating structural units called: — Monomers
27. Proteins are polymers made up of which type of monomer? — Amino acids
28. Which element is crucial for the structure of proteins and is found in the amino acid cysteine? — Sulfur
29. A saturated fatty acid has: — No double bonds between carbon atoms
30. What type of bond links monosaccharides together to form polysaccharides? — Glycosidic bond
31. The bond that links fatty acids to glycerol in a triglyceride is a(n): — Ester bond
32. Cholesterol is a type of: — Steroid
33. Alpha-helices and beta-pleated sheets are examples of which level of protein structure? — Secondary structure
34. The characteristic 'wavy' or 'folded' structure of proteins, like beta-pleated sheets, is an example of: — Secondary structure
35. A polypeptide chain folding into a specific three-dimensional shape is referred to as its: — Tertiary structure
36. Denaturation of a protein involves the disruption of its: — Secondary and tertiary structures
37. Which of the following is NOT a polymer? — Glucose
38. The genetic code is stored in which type of biomolecule? — Nucleic Acids (DNA)
39. Vitamin C is also known as: — Ascorbic acid
40. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) contains which sugar? — Deoxyribose
41. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is known as its: — Primary structure
42. Lipids are a diverse group of molecules characterized by their: — Hydrophobic nature
43. What is the role of enzymes in biological systems? — Catalyze biochemical reactions
44. What is the primary function of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) in cells? — Transporting energy
45. What is the main function of glycogen in animals? — Energy storage in the liver and muscles
46. Which of the following is a monosaccharide? — Fructose
47. The active site of an enzyme is where: — The substrate binds and catalysis occurs
48. Which type of lipid is characterized by a four-ring structure? — Steroid
49. Which type of lipid forms the basic structure of cell membranes? — Phospholipids
50. A triglyceride molecule consists of one molecule of glycerol and: — Three fatty acids
All One Line Questions
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