Plant Reproduction and Embryology - One Line Questions

1. A dry fruit that splits open along one suture to release seeds is called a: — Legume
2. Which type of fruit develops from a single flower with multiple pistils? — Aggregate fruit
3. What is the ovule enclosed within? — Ovary
4. An example of a multiple fruit developing from an inflorescence is: — Jackfruit
5. Which term describes the phenomenon where a single plant produces both male and female reproductive structures? — Monoecious
6. The fusion of male gamete with the egg cell results in the formation of: — Zygote
7. In monocot seeds like maize, the scutellum is a modified: — Cotyledon
8. Which type of seed contains stored food in the endosperm? — Albuminous seed
9. What is the process by which pollen grains germinate on the stigma? — Pollen tube growth
10. Which part of the stamen produces pollen? — Anther
11. What is double fertilization, a characteristic feature of angiosperms? — Fusion of one male gamete with the egg cell and another with the polar nuclei
12. The process where the embryo within the seed becomes dormant is called: — Dormancy
13. The process of pollen tube penetration through the ovule is guided by: — Chemotropism
14. In a typical angiosperm life cycle, the sporophyte generation is: — Diploid and dominant
15. The process of seed germination is initiated by: — Adequate moisture
16. Which part of the ovule develops into the seed coat? — Integuments
17. What is the significance of the chalaza in the ovule? — It is the attachment point of the ovule to the placenta
18. What is the role of the micropyle in an ovule? — It is the entry point for the pollen tube
19. Which structure in the ovule eventually develops into the embryo? — Embryo sac
20. The arrangement of cells within the embryo sac typically includes: — One egg cell, two polar nuclei, two synergids, and three antipodal cells
21. Which part of the flower develops into the fruit? — Ovary
22. In angiosperms, the male gametophyte is represented by the: — Pollen grain
23. In angiosperms, what does a pollen grain contain? — Two male gametes and a tube nucleus
24. What is the term for the phenomenon where the embryo develops from an unfertilized egg cell? — Parthenogenesis
25. Which of the following is an example of a fleshy fruit? — Berry
26. What is the primary role of fruits in plant reproduction? — Seed dispersal
27. The radicle is the embryonic root, and it develops from which part of the embryo? — Radicle
28. What is the female gamete in flowering plants called? — Egg cell (ovum)
29. Geitonogamy is a type of pollination that involves: — Pollen transfer between flowers on the same plant
30. Apomixis is a type of asexual reproduction in plants that mimics sexual reproduction by producing seeds without: — Fertilization
31. Parthenocarpy refers to the development of fruits without: — Fertilization
32. What is autogamy? — Pollination of a flower by pollen from the same flower
33. Which mechanism prevents self-pollination in many plants? — All of the above
34. What is the primary role of the endosperm in a seed? — Providing nourishment to the developing embryo
35. Which part of the embryo develops into the shoot apex and the first leaves? — Plumule
36. What is perisperm? — Remnants of the nucellus persisting in the seed
37. What is emasculation in plant breeding? — Removal of stamens from a bisexual flower
38. In a typical dicot embryo, the plumule develops into the: — Shoot system
39. Xenogamy is synonymous with: — Cross-pollination
40. Which part of the flower typically attracts pollinators? — Petal
41. The gametophyte generation in angiosperms is represented by the: — Pollen grain and embryo sac
42. What is the pericarp? — The fruit wall derived from the ovary wall
43. Which of the following is a characteristic of cleistogamous flowers? — They remain closed and always self-pollinate
44. What is the primary function of pollination in flowering plants? — To transfer pollen from the anther to the stigma
45. What is the function of the hypocotyl in a seedling? — To connect the cotyledons to the radicle
46. What is the role of the nucellus in the ovule? — To nourish the developing embryo sac and embryo
47. What is the function of the embryo sac (female gametophyte) in angiosperms? — To contain the egg cell and polar nuclei
48. What is the function of the coleoptile in monocot seedlings? — To protect the developing shoot
49. What is the function of the coleorhiza in monocot seedlings? — To protect the developing root
50. What is the primary function of the cotyledons in a dicot seed? — To store or absorb food
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