JEE Main - Vitamins classification functions and nucleic acids DNA RNA basics One Line Questions & Answers

1. Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide? — An amino acid

2. Which of the following is a pyrimidine base found in nucleic acids? — Cytosine

3. Which nitrogenous base is found in DNA but not in RNA? — Thymine

4. Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA? — Uracil

5. Which of the following pairs correctly represents complementary base pairing in DNA? — Cytosine-Thymine

6. Nucleic acids are polymers made up of repeating units called: — Nucleotides

7. The sequence of nucleotides in a gene that codes for a protein is called: — Codon

8. What is the main function of Vitamin E? — Antioxidant activity

9. What is the primary role of tRNA in protein synthesis? — Transporting specific amino acids to the ribosome

10. The primary function of DNA is to: — Store and transmit genetic information

11. Which of the following is a purine base found in nucleic acids? — Adenine

12. The sugar component in RNA is: — Ribose

13. The genetic material of most viruses is: — DNA

14. RNA typically exists as a: — Single strand

15. A deficiency in Biotin (Vitamin B7) can lead to: — Hair loss and skin rash

16. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a major component of: — Ribosomes

17. Which type of RNA is involved in bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis? — Transfer RNA (tRNA)

18. Deficiency of Vitamin K can lead to: — Impaired blood clotting

19. The backbone of a DNA strand is formed by alternating: — Phosphate groups and sugar molecules

20. A deficiency in Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) can lead to: — Cheilosis and glossitis

21. The process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template is known as: — Transcription

22. The sugar component in DNA is: — Deoxyribose

23. DNA typically exists as a: — Double-stranded helix

24. In RNA, Adenine pairs with: — Uracil

25. Some viruses use RNA as their genetic material. This process of synthesizing DNA from an RNA template is called: — Reverse transcription

26. The process where genetic information encoded in mRNA is used to synthesize proteins is called: — Translation

27. The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself is called: — Replication

28. The synthesis of protein from an mRNA template is called: — Translation

29. Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome? — Messenger RNA (mRNA)

30. Which vitamin helps in the absorption of iron? — Vitamin C

31. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin? — Vitamin B1

32. Which vitamin is known as Ascorbic Acid? — Vitamin C

33. The vitamin essential for the synthesis of prothrombin is: — Vitamin K

34. Which vitamin deficiency causes Beriberi? — Vitamin B1

35. Which vitamin is also known as Tocopherol? — Vitamin E

36. Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight? — Vitamin D

37. Rickets, a condition affecting bone development in children, is due to deficiency of: — Vitamin D

38. Which vitamin is known as the 'anti-hemorrhagic' vitamin? — Vitamin K

39. Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of DNA and RNA? — Folic Acid

40. Which vitamin is essential for healthy skin and mucous membranes? — Vitamin A

41. Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin? — Vitamin E

42. Pyridoxine is the chemical name for: — Vitamin B6

43. Which vitamin is also known as Retinol? — Vitamin A

44. Which vitamin deficiency can lead to neural tube defects in newborns? — Folic Acid

45. Scurvy is characterized by bleeding gums and is caused by a deficiency of: — Vitamin C

46. Pellagra is a disease caused by the deficiency of which vitamin? — Vitamin B3

47. Pantothenic acid is another name for: — Vitamin B5

48. Cobalamin is the chemical name for which vitamin? — Vitamin B12

49. Which vitamin is crucial for the formation of red blood cells and neurological function? — Vitamin B12

50. Which vitamin is primarily responsible for vision in low light conditions? — Vitamin A

Vitamins classification functions and nucleic acids DNA RNA basics - One Line Questions