JEE Main - Vitamins classification functions and nucleic acids DNA RNA basics Online Test (MCQ Quiz)

1. Which vitamin is known as Ascorbic Acid?

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin B12 C) Vitamin C D) Vitamin D

2. Deficiency of Vitamin K can lead to:

A) Night blindness B) Scurvy C) Rickets D) Impaired blood clotting

3. Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?

A) Vitamin B1 B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin E D) Vitamin B6

4. The vitamin essential for the synthesis of prothrombin is:

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin D C) Vitamin E D) Vitamin K

5. Which vitamin deficiency causes Beriberi?

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin B1 C) Vitamin C D) Vitamin D

6. Cobalamin is the chemical name for which vitamin?

A) Vitamin B6 B) Vitamin B12 C) Folic Acid D) Biotin

7. Which vitamin plays a crucial role in calcium absorption?

A) Vitamin E B) Vitamin K C) Vitamin D D) Vitamin C

8. Pellagra is a disease caused by the deficiency of which vitamin?

A) Vitamin B2 B) Vitamin B3 C) Vitamin B5 D) Vitamin B7

9. Which vitamin is primarily responsible for vision in low light conditions?

A) Vitamin D B) Vitamin E C) Vitamin A D) Vitamin K

10. What is the main function of Vitamin E?

A) Blood clotting B) Bone mineralization C) Antioxidant activity D) Energy metabolism

11. Which vitamin is also known as Tocopherol?

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin B1 C) Vitamin C D) Vitamin E

12. Scurvy is characterized by bleeding gums and is caused by a deficiency of:

A) Vitamin B12 B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin D D) Vitamin K

13. Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight?

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin D C) Vitamin E D) Vitamin K

14. Rickets, a condition affecting bone development in children, is due to deficiency of:

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin D D) Vitamin E

15. Which vitamin is crucial for the formation of red blood cells and neurological function?

A) Vitamin B6 B) Vitamin B12 C) Folic Acid D) Biotin

16. Pyridoxine is the chemical name for:

A) Vitamin B1 B) Vitamin B2 C) Vitamin B6 D) Vitamin B12

17. A deficiency in Biotin (Vitamin B7) can lead to:

A) Hair loss and skin rash B) Anemia C) Vision problems D) Impaired growth

18. Which vitamin is known as the 'anti-hemorrhagic' vitamin?

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin E D) Vitamin K

19. Pantothenic acid is another name for:

A) Vitamin B2 B) Vitamin B3 C) Vitamin B5 D) Vitamin B6

20. Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of DNA and RNA?

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin C C) Folic Acid D) Vitamin D

21. Nucleic acids are polymers made up of repeating units called:

A) Amino acids B) Monosaccharides C) Nucleotides D) Fatty acids

22. Which nitrogenous base is found in DNA but not in RNA?

A) Adenine B) Guanine C) Cytosine D) Thymine

23. Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

A) Adenine B) Uracil C) Guanine D) Cytosine

24. The sugar component in DNA is:

A) Ribose B) Deoxyribose C) Fructose D) Galactose

25. The sugar component in RNA is:

A) Deoxyribose B) Ribose C) Sucrose D) Lactose

26. DNA typically exists as a:

A) Single-stranded helix B) Double-stranded helix C) Triple-stranded helix D) Linear molecule without helix

27. RNA typically exists as a:

A) Double-stranded helix B) Single strand C) Triple helix D) Branched polymer

28. Which of the following pairs correctly represents complementary base pairing in DNA?

A) Adenine-Guanine B) Cytosine-Thymine C) Adenine-Cytosine D) Guanine-Thymine

29. In RNA, Adenine pairs with:

A) Thymine B) Guanine C) Cytosine D) Uracil

30. The primary function of DNA is to:

A) Catalyze biochemical reactions B) Store and transmit genetic information C) Transport amino acids D) Provide energy for the cell

31. Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome?

A) Transfer RNA (tRNA) B) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) C) Messenger RNA (mRNA) D) Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

32. Which type of RNA is involved in bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

A) Messenger RNA (mRNA) B) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) C) Transfer RNA (tRNA) D) Antisense RNA (asRNA)

33. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a major component of:

A) Lysosomes B) Golgi apparatus C) Ribosomes D) Endoplasmic reticulum

34. The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself is called:

A) Transcription B) Translation C) Replication D) Mutation

35. The process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template is known as:

A) Replication B) Translation C) Transcription D) Reverse transcription

36. The synthesis of protein from an mRNA template is called:

A) Transcription B) Replication C) Translation D) Transduction

37. Which vitamin is also known as Retinol?

A) Vitamin B1 B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin A D) Vitamin D

38. A deficiency in Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) can lead to:

A) Pernicious anemia B) Cheilosis and glossitis C) Night blindness D) Impaired blood clotting

39. Which vitamin is essential for healthy skin and mucous membranes?

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin B1 C) Vitamin C D) Vitamin D

40. The backbone of a DNA strand is formed by alternating:

A) Nitrogenous bases and phosphate groups B) Sugar and nitrogenous bases C) Phosphate groups and sugar molecules D) Sugar and amino acids

41. Which of the following is a purine base found in nucleic acids?

A) Cytosine B) Thymine C) Uracil D) Adenine

42. Which of the following is a pyrimidine base found in nucleic acids?

A) Adenine B) Guanine C) Cytosine D) Adenine and Guanine

43. The genetic material of most viruses is:

A) DNA B) RNA C) Protein D) Lipids

44. Some viruses use RNA as their genetic material. This process of synthesizing DNA from an RNA template is called:

A) Transcription B) Translation C) Replication D) Reverse transcription

45. Which vitamin deficiency can lead to neural tube defects in newborns?

A) Vitamin B12 B) Folic Acid C) Vitamin D D) Vitamin C

46. The process where genetic information encoded in mRNA is used to synthesize proteins is called:

A) Transcription B) Replication C) Translation D) Reverse Transcription

47. Which vitamin helps in the absorption of iron?

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin D D) Vitamin K

48. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin D C) Vitamin E D) Vitamin B1

49. What is the primary role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

A) Carrying genetic code from DNA B) Forming the structural component of ribosomes C) Transporting specific amino acids to the ribosome D) Regulating gene expression

50. Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

A) A phosphate group B) A nitrogenous base C) A pentose sugar D) An amino acid

Vitamins classification functions and nucleic acids DNA RNA basics - Online Test

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