Digestion and absorption, BMR, nutritional disorders - Question Bank
1. The hormone that regulates blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake by cells is:
2. Which of the following is a disorder caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone in adults?
3. The enzyme responsible for the initial digestion of starch in the mouth is:
4. Which mineral is essential for the formation of hemoglobin and is a component of myoglobin?
5. The absorption of most digested food products occurs in the:
6. Beriberi, a disease caused by thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency, primarily affects the:
7. The primary role of the pancreas in digestion is to secrete:
8. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
9. The hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich fluid into the duodenum is:
10. Pellagra, a disease caused by niacin (Vitamin B3) deficiency, is characterized by the '3 Ds': Dermatitis, Diarrhea, and:
11. Which enzyme is produced in an inactive form (zymogen) and activated in the small intestine to digest proteins?
12. The thermic effect of food (TEF) refers to the energy expended for:
13. A deficiency of Vitamin K can lead to problems with:
14. Which part of the small intestine is the main site for absorption of vitamin B12 and bile salts?
15. The primary function of the hormone leptin is to:
16. Gastric lipase, secreted by the stomach, primarily digests:
17. Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?
18. The process by which the body breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones to release energy is called:
19. Goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland, is typically caused by a deficiency of:
20. The hormone that promotes the absorption of sodium and water by the kidneys is:
21. Which of the following is a primary function of the enzyme trypsin?
22. The energy expenditure during physical activity is known as:
23. Night blindness is often associated with a deficiency of which vitamin?
24. The main function of the hormone secretin is to stimulate the secretion of:
25. Which mineral is crucial for oxygen transport in the blood and is a common deficiency leading to anemia?
26. The process of breaking down large food molecules into smaller ones that can be absorbed is called:
27. Which hormone, secreted by the stomach lining, stimulates hunger?
28. Marasmus is a form of malnutrition characterized by:
29. Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver in digestion?
30. The pancreatic enzyme responsible for digesting fats into fatty acids and glycerol is:
31. Which vitamin is essential for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus?
32. The energy required to maintain essential life processes like breathing, circulation, and cell production at rest is known as:
33. A deficiency of iodine in the diet can lead to which disorder?
34. Which hormone stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release bile?
35. The absorption of fatty acids and glycerol occurs primarily in the:
36. The enzyme responsible for breaking down proteins into smaller peptides in the stomach is:
37. Which of the following is a symptom of scurvy, a disease caused by Vitamin C deficiency?
38. The primary role of the large intestine in digestion and absorption is:
39. Factors that can increase Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) include:
40. Rickets, a condition characterized by soft and deformed bones, is caused by a deficiency of:
41. The process by which digested food molecules pass through the intestinal wall into the blood or lymph is called:
42. Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas and lowers blood glucose levels?
43. Kwashiorkor, a severe protein deficiency disorder, is characterized by:
44. The brush border enzymes, responsible for the final digestion of carbohydrates and proteins, are located on the microvilli of:
45. Which of the following is a major function of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?
46. Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is defined as the energy expenditure of the body at:
47. Pernicious anemia is a nutritional disorder caused by the deficiency of:
48. Bile, produced by the liver, aids in the digestion and absorption of:
49. Which hormone stimulates the secretion of gastric juice in the stomach?
50. The primary site for the absorption of digested nutrients in the small intestine is the: