Membrane structure and transport-diffusion osmosis active transport endocytosis exocytosis - Question Bank
1. The movement of a substance against its concentration gradient, coupled with the movement of another substance down its concentration gradient, is known as:
2. Endocytosis that involves the uptake of specific molecules bound to receptors on the cell surface is called:
3. Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?
4. The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as:
5. A cell placed in a solution with the same solute concentration as its cytoplasm is in a(n) ______ solution.
6. The net movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential is:
7. Which substance can readily diffuse across the cell membrane without the help of transport proteins?
8. The movement of ions like Na+ and K+ against their electrochemical gradients by the Na+/K+-ATPase pump is a classic example of:
9. During phagocytosis, the cell membrane extends to engulf a solid particle, forming a vesicle. This is an example of:
10. Which component of the cell membrane is responsible for cell-cell recognition and acting as receptors for signaling molecules?
11. The cell membrane's ability to regulate the passage of substances into and out of the cell is known as:
12. What type of protein facilitates the movement of specific molecules that cannot easily cross the lipid bilayer on their own, without expending energy?
13. Which of the following is a passive process that involves the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane?
14. What is the effect of a hypotonic solution on an animal cell?
15. A cell is actively taking up glucose from the bloodstream, even though the glucose concentration is higher inside the cell. This process is likely:
16. The process by which cells remove waste products or secrete proteins is:
17. Which of the following is a characteristic of facilitated diffusion?
18. The fluidity of the cell membrane is influenced by the type of fatty acid tails in the phospholipids. Unsaturated fatty acids, with their kinks, tend to:
19. Which molecule is the primary structural component of the cell membrane's bilayer?
20. The movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is the definition of:
21. What happens to a plant cell when placed in a hypotonic solution?
22. A carrier protein that binds to a specific solute and undergoes a conformational change to transport it across the membrane is involved in:
23. Which type of transport moves substances against their concentration gradient and requires both a carrier protein and energy?
24. The process by which a cell engulfs extracellular fluid and dissolved small molecules is called:
25. What is the driving force for simple diffusion?
26. When a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, the net movement of water across the membrane is:
27. What is the primary function of the glycocalyx, often found on the outer surface of animal cell membranes?
28. Which of the following best describes the property of the cell membrane that allows some substances to pass through more easily than others?
29. Peripheral membrane proteins:
30. Integral membrane proteins are:
31. The lipid bilayer is primarily composed of:
32. A cell has a higher concentration of solutes inside than outside. If placed in pure water, what will happen?
33. What is the role of aquaporins in cell membranes?
34. The sodium-potassium pump moves sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell. This is an example of:
35. The release of neurotransmitters from a neuron is an example of:
36. Which process involves the fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane to release its contents outside the cell?
37. Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis that involves the uptake of:
38. What is the process by which cells engulf large particles or other cells?
39. Channel proteins that allow the passage of specific ions or small molecules across the membrane are characteristic of:
40. Facilitated diffusion involves the movement of substances across a membrane with the help of:
41. Which of the following is an example of active transport?
42. Which type of transport requires energy in the form of ATP?
43. What is the term for a solution that has a lower solute concentration than the cell's cytoplasm?
44. A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:
45. What drives the process of osmosis?
46. Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is known as:
47. The movement of a substance across a membrane down its concentration gradient without the help of membrane proteins is called:
48. Which component of the cell membrane primarily determines its fluidity?
49. According to the fluid mosaic model, membrane proteins are:
50. What is the fundamental structural unit of all biological membranes?