Mughals - Babur to Aurangzeb, Sher Shah Suri, Administration, Society, religion and culture under the Mughals, Shivaji, Maratha administration - One Line Questions

1. In which year did Babur defeat Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat? — 1526
2. Shivaji's coronation took place in which year? — 1674
3. The Maratha kingdom under Shivaji was characterized by: — A centralized bureaucratic system
4. What was the 'Sulk-i-Kul' policy initiated by Akbar? — A policy of universal peace and tolerance
5. Aurangzeb's Deccan policy was characterized by: — Annexation of Bijapur and Golconda
6. The social structure during the Mughal period was characterized by: — A largely agrarian society with a hierarchical structure
7. The 'Sardeshmukhi' was an additional tax collected by the Marathas, which represented: — An additional 10% levied on the right of Sardeshmukh (headman)
8. The Mughal administration under Shah Jahan witnessed significant architectural achievements. Which city was founded by him? — Shahjahanabad (Old Delhi)
9. The 'Chain of Justice' was introduced by which Mughal emperor to allow subjects to seek redressal directly? — Jahangir
10. The Mughal Empire reached its territorial zenith under which ruler? — Aurangzeb
11. The Mughal emperors generally followed a policy of religious tolerance, with exceptions. Which emperor is known for a more orthodox and restrictive religious policy? — Aurangzeb
12. Which of the following Mughal emperors tried to suppress regional powers and enforce a more uniform administration, leading to increased resistance? — Aurangzeb
13. Jahangir, Akbar's successor, is known for his patronage of: — Painting and calligraphy
14. The cultural synthesis during the Mughal period was evident in: — All of the above
15. The 'Patta' and 'Qabuliyat' system, related to land revenue, was popularized by: — Sher Shah Suri
16. Guru Nanak Dev, the founder of Sikhism, lived during the reign of which Mughal emperor? — Babur
17. Who was the architect of the Mughal administrative system that evolved over time? — Akbar
18. Akbar ascended the throne at a very young age. Who was his regent during his early years? — Bairam Khan
19. The Maratha cavalry was renowned for its speed and mobility. What was the term for the irregular cavalrymen who were paid for their service? — Shiledars
20. What was the title adopted by Shivaji after his coronation? — Chhatrapati
21. What was the role of the 'Diwan' in the Mughal administration? — Chief revenue minister
22. What was the primary significance of Babur's victory at the Battle of Khanwa against Rana Sanga? — Consolidation of Mughal rule in North India
23. Raja Todar Mal, a prominent minister in Akbar's court, is famous for implementing which significant land revenue system? — All of the above
24. Akbar's religious policy aimed at fostering understanding and harmony between different religious groups. What was the name of the assembly of scholars from various religions convened by Akbar? — Ibadat Khana
25. The Mughal Empire's decline is often attributed to several factors. Which of the following is considered a major reason for its weakening? — Weak successors to Aurangzeb
26. Which Persian poet was patronized by the Mughal court and wrote the 'Zafarnama'? — Faizi
27. The status of women in Mughal society was generally: — Varied, with some enjoying considerable freedom and influence, while others faced restrictions
28. Who was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India? — Babur
29. Shah Jahan is renowned as the 'Builder King'. Which iconic monument was commissioned by him? — Taj Mahal
30. Sher Shah Suri, who briefly interrupted Mughal rule, was known for his significant administrative reforms. Which of the following was NOT a reform attributed to him? — Abolition of the Jagirdari system
31. The Maratha administration under Shivaji was inspired by indigenous traditions. Who was the chief minister in Shivaji's Ashtapradhan Council? — Peshwa
32. The 'Dara Shikoh', son of Shah Jahan, was known for his interest in: — Sufism and comparative religion
33. The Sufi movement had a significant influence on the religious landscape of the Mughal Empire. Which Sufi order was particularly popular? — Chishti
34. The system of 'Chauth' and 'Sardeshmukhi' was levied by the Marathas on territories outside their direct control. What was 'Chauth'? — One-fourth of the total revenue
35. Which of the following was a key administrative unit in the Mughal Empire? — Subahdar
36. In Shivaji's Ashtapradhan Council, who was responsible for foreign affairs? — Sumant
37. The Mughal judicial system was headed by the: — Emperor (as the highest judge)
38. Shivaji's forts played a crucial role in his military strategy. Which of these was NOT a major fort under his control? — Golconda
39. The 'Mahabharata' was translated into Persian during Akbar's reign under the title: — Razmnama
40. The Second Battle of Panipat in 1556 was fought between Akbar and: — Hemu
41. Aurangzeb's reign marked a significant shift in Mughal policy. Which of the following policies is MOST associated with Aurangzeb? — Reintroduction of Jaziya tax on non-Muslims
42. The 'Mansabdari' system introduced by Akbar was a unique administrative innovation. What did it primarily regulate? — Military and civil administration, including rank and salary
43. Humayun, the son of Babur, lost his empire to which Afghan leader? — Sher Shah Suri
44. Shivaji Maharaj introduced an organized military system. What was the term for his infantry soldiers? — Paik
45. The reign of Aurangzeb saw the rise of significant regional powers that challenged Mughal authority. The Marathas were the most prominent among them. What was a key factor in the Maratha success against the Mughals? — Guerilla warfare tactics and knowledge of terrain
46. The administrative reforms of Sher Shah Suri, such as the 'Sarkar' and 'Pargana' divisions, were later adopted and adapted by which empire? — The Mughal Empire
47. Shivaji Maharaj, the founder of the Maratha Empire, challenged the authority of which major power? — The Sultanate of Bijapur
48. What was the primary occupation of the majority of the population in the Mughal Empire? — Agriculture
49. What was the primary source of revenue for Shivaji's kingdom? — Land revenue
50. The Mughal period saw a significant development in art and architecture. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Mughal architecture? — Dominance of Gothic architectural elements
All One Line Questions
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